credit: Lockheed Martin / caption: the heat shield is 5m (15ft) in diameter
Hyperbola didn't get its interview with Lockheed Martin Space Systems' human spaceflight vice president in the end and now the company has released information (see below) about its progress with the Orion crew exploration vehicle's heat shield. At one time, long long ago, Orion's heat shield was supposed to be a segmented structure made of Phenolic Impreganted Carbon Ablative aka PICA - Boeing even got to do some work on it. But eventually in April 2009 PICA was officially dumped in favour of a reformulation of the Apollo programme's Avcoat material; reformulated to meet current environmental legislation. But with Avcoat you get a single monolithic bloc of a shield
So one wonders why Lockheed is talking about something involving composites - or is Avcoat technically a composite? In the text of the announcement it also qoutes Lockheed Martin Space Systems vice president and Orion programme manager Cleon Lacefield as saying, "we achieved a $10 million cost savings and improved the project schedule by 12 months".
Improved the project schedule by 12-months? The Orion project office's heat shield was originally a government furnished item and this blogger had been tracking its development. Finally, 14-months late, in 2009 NASA announced the Avcoat shield would be used. So why is Lockheed now talking about what would be the THIRD heat shield development project for the CEV, if it isn't Avcoat?
If that interview had been possible maybe we'd know. For now anyway, over to you Lockheed...
DENVER, March 1, 2010 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ -- The Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT)-led team developing the Orion crew exploration vehicle achieved a major technology milestone by completing fabrication of the world's largest heat shield structure. The shield is five meters (16.4 feet) in diameter and is critical to the protection of the spacecraft and its crew from the extreme temperatures experienced during re-entry. The work was completed at Lockheed Martin's composite development facility in Denver, Colorado
The crew exploration vehicle is at the height of its development phase, which has spurred several new technologies and innovations such as a cutting edge high-temperature composite material system. The new system was developed by the Lockheed Martin Orion thermal protection system team in partnership with TenCate Advanced Composites, a leading supplier of aerospace thermoset and thermoplastic prepregs. TenCate's composite materials are used in commercial aircraft, radomes, satellites, general aviation, oil and gas, medical and high-end industrial applications."
In addition to the technology advancement, we achieved a $10 million cost savings and improved the project schedule by 12 months through the innovative tooling, materials and fabrication processes the team put into action," explained Cleon Lacefield, Lockheed Martin vice president and Orion program manager.
The new resin system was developed over an 18-month period during which thousands of coupons were tested in extreme environments that simulated a ballistic re-entry from a lunar mission. The team verified that the thermal insulator on the outside of the composite material can be thinner due to the higher temperature capability, resulting in improved mass optimization of the Orion spacecraft.
The new resin system enables much simpler and more efficient manufacturing techniques compared to other high temperature resin systems. This resin system has the potential to be used in a wide range of commercial applications including aircraft, automobiles, launch vehicles, payload fairings, and re-entry vehicles.
The expansive heat shield will be applied to the Orion ground test article, which is the first full-sized, flight-like test article for Orion being built at the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, La. The ground test article is designed to serve as a production pathfinder to validate the flight vehicle production processes and tools. When completed, the crew module will be tested on the ground in equivalent flight-like environments, including static vibration, acoustics and water landing loads. This early high fidelity testing is necessary to correlate sizing models for all subsystems on the vehicle.
Lockheed Martin is the prime contractor to NASA for the Orion crew exploration vehicle. The Lockheed Martin Orion Project office is based in Houston, Texas, near NASA's Johnson Space Center. The team includes major subcontractors Aerojet, Alliant Techsystems (ATK), Hamilton Sundstrand, Honeywell, Orbital Sciences Corporation and United Space Alliance; and an expansive network of minor subcontractors and small businesses working at 88 facilities in 28 states across the country.
on March 1, 2010 3:49 PM | Reply
Is this the same Lockheed Martin that proposed the Venture Star? Why the hell are they bragging about technology that was novel nearly fifty years ago!
on March 1, 2010 3:52 PM | Reply
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Some Random Mistakes: why the "new" NASA plan is WORSE than the old one [updated]
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http://www.newspaceagency.com/articles/02randommistakes.html
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on March 1, 2010 7:18 PM | Reply
Not just the same Lockheed that proposed VentureStar, Cleon Lacefield was the head-cheese for their X-33 program.
on March 2, 2010 10:26 PM | Reply
Manly heat shield. Men getting together to talk about manufacturing & Avcoat.
on March 2, 2010 10:33 PM | Reply
This is the most insightful article I have seen about this heat shield development and the questions you are asking are the exact ones I was wondering about also.
Could this be a Lockheed - Boeing turf war?
I suspect the Lockheed team didn't appreciate Boeing's AVCOAT being forced on them instead of PICA and this is a workaround?
Or maybe Lockheed sees the battle lines drawn because of Boeing's involvement now with Bigelow on Orion Lite and with Sierra Nevada Dreamchaser?
Moving the program up 12 months is VERY VERY interesting.
I think the Lockheed team is betting on Congressional extension of Constellation or at the very least - an impasse between Congress and the White House for 2011 Financial Year budget -- which means a continuing resolution for funding at the very least and more likely no action that cuts any Constellation funding at all -- especially if the Congress reverts to Republican hands.
Even if Democrats retain control -- the Presidents Plan is dead with them also from the hearings I have heard them comment in.
I think Constellation might just survive, the odds are better than 60% imho -- meaning we will see an ARES 1-X Prime flight after all.
on March 3, 2010 4:51 PM | Reply
Some parts of Constellation may survive, but Ares 1 is almost certainly deader than a doornail. Nobody but ATK likes it.
on March 5, 2010 6:25 PM | Reply
I like Ares I and so do countless others.
After the Columbia Accident Investigation Board brought greater focus to the issue of safety - it was determined that Astronauts and Cargo should fly on separate vehicles.
Ares I and Ares V will accomplish this.
Solid Rocket Motors have flown over 200 times safely since the Challenge accident, making them the most proven flight ready technology out there.
Liquid fueled rockets for a first state are fine, but not as demonstrably proven to be safe as the SRM'S.
No rocket has as much proven reliability as the 4 stage SRB - and the 5 Stage builds on that Flight Heritage and known characteristics.
EELV's cannot give us global access to the moon including the poles -- which is critical considering that we know know there is a LOT or water there - 600 Million Metric tons worth.
PEOPLE! We need Ares to get out of Low Earth Orbit!!
Constellation will survive if for no other reason that the electoral politics of congressional districts and their employment levels make this the easiest way of making the problem (the cancellation of Constellation) go away.