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China and Fear

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On 31 October, a Long March IIF launched from the Jiuquan launch site in western China. The successful launch carried a Shenzhou 8 capsule, which, though capable of carrying taikonauts, was empty.
On 2 November the capsule docked with Tiangong 1, a space station test bed, making China only the third nation to bring two spacecraft together in orbit (excluding international collaborations like Apollo-Soyuz and ISS).
Despite outwards congratulations from the US government, the general reaction to China's spacefaring has largely been one of suspicion (and occasionally outright hostility). Not that the US government as a whole is afraid of China, but there is enough to drive policy towards exclusion.

Take as an example the recent Congressional hearing, in which Rep. Frank Wolf (R-VA), to name one, is vociferous in denouncing any collaboration with China, despite that such collaboration is already legally banned. The result is that NASA is barred from sharing innocuous data with the Chinese government, or even meeting with Chinese representatives. Another result is that China is banned from docking with the ISS -- possibly not a deciding factor but certainly an influence on the Chinese decision to build a competing space station, which should be finished by 2020, the year that ISS is due to deorbit.

Bob Bigelow, speaking at ISPCS in Las Cruces, gave a controversial talk in which he posited that China is preparing to lay claim to much of the moon and Mars. His solution is to get there and lay claim first.

One might be reminded of the Red Scare from the Cold War, when any Soviet move was an escalation, and so was any potentially adverse move by anyone else, for that matter. The US reaction resulted in both positive (landing on the moon, rapid technical development) and negative (nuclear bombers on alert, several wars); in any case, in retrospect it often turned out to be a serious overreaction, and sometimes provocation. The Soviets did this as well, believing they were under essentially the same threat we believed ourselves to be under.

There are opportunities for collaboration, for trust-building measures that the US is wilfully ignoring. Competition can be a great thing, but too much competition and the results play out in other areas. In scientific and economic realms, US institutions are busy forging bonds in China that affect the policy of both governments. Space can be a unique, mutually beneficial stage for collaboration or geopolitical trust-building measures; instead it is currently a measure of distrust and fear. China is not an enemy on the scale of the Soviet Union, nor really even a peer competitor. It is puzzling that so many people seem to believe otherwise.

VIDEO: Soviet Moon programme not a hoax

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Russia Today is reporting that photos of the Moon taken by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter clearly show Lunokhod-2 the rover that landed on the celestial body in 1973 as part of the Soviet space programme. Good to know the Soviet space programme wasn't a hoax either then

Meanwhile the Russian Federal Space Agency (aka Roscosmos) is reporting on its website confirmation from prime minister Vladimir Putin of the Russian-Indian joint mission, that we reported back in July 2008, although it seems the mission will not now go to the International Space Station

Roscosmos is also reporting that the ISS partners are ready to co-operate with third parties and Cina is cited. India is also an obvious space faring nation that could be involved which makes the non-ISS Soyuz flight a bit of a mystery

In the run up to the launch of Soyuz TMA-18 Roscosmos talks about the 12 emergency landing sites outside Russia and Kazakhstan that there are, who knew there were so many? and for media there si an opportuntiy to drink tea at a tea party with cosmonauts and astronauts about to go to the ISS

While this report about Roscosmos Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency discussions about what must be the Bepi Colombo Mercury mission is somewhat hard to read but seems to suggest the Russians might get onboard this project, which has had some budgetary trouble in the past due to technical troubles

The Samaar Space Center Soyuz 2-1b rocket is about to get some new technology care of Khrunichev Space Center subsidiary Voronezh Mechanical Factory which Roscosmos says is to invent a new steering engine, the RD-0110R, the 2-1b flight control system

Finally Roscosmos had a board meeting recently

Two steps forward, one step back for India and China

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India's test of a new rocket engine had to be stopped early according to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) while Aviation Week's Beijing correspondent Bradley Perrett scores a scoop with Chinese Moon rocket planning

Talking to the Chinese in October last year in Korea it was clear that manned Moon mission planning was at a very early stage. Now they seem to have scoped out broadly what they want and its surprising that they are seeking a Moon rocket with less capabilty than NASA's Saturn V

What is more interesting for the nearer term is the Long March 6. It sounds like the European Space Agency's Vega, a solid rocket motor based vehicle for small payloads. The Long March 5, which comes into operation around 2015, was described to this blogger years ago by a China National Space Administation official as being just like Europe's Ariane 5. So one has to conclude that the Chinese are following the same launcher family logic as the western Europeans

The Indians, despite the engine setback, are still planning big things and this article talks about Avatar, the country's concept reusable launch vehicle not the 3D movie, and ISRO's chief talks up a fantastic future out to 2050 here 

Chinese space tourism, Tiangong delayed

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Res Communis has reported on a presentation on prospects for space tourism in China by a Ms. Xu Si from the Beijing Institute of Technology - very probably an institution heavily involved in the space programme

I wrote for Flightglobal back in 2007 that China's government was looking at more commercial aspects for its space programme. One change that was seen was the selling of tickets to allow people to watch launches at the launch site

In April 2009 I interviewed China's manned space programme head Zhou Jianping and he said that Tiangong-1 would be launched at the end of 2010. That should have rung bells that 2011 was a more likely date. Whenever aerospace organisations say the end of anything it always means the following month or year. Now we have Chinese state media reports that its docking target cum autonomous space laboratory called Tiangong will launch in 2011

The China manned space engineering programme deputy general designer Wang Zhonggui told this blogger in Korea last October that there would be up to three Tiangong modules launched. The Tiangong missions are a stepping stone to the autonomous docking of space station modules for the outpost the country expects to have operating in 2020

China is not in any hurry with its space programme and no doubt there will be more delays but eventually it will have its own space station and more. The interesting question for the near term is will China join the International Space Station programme?   

China space programme exhibit in UK's Manchester city

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The Manchester, UK based-Museum of Science & Industry has teamed with the University of Manchester to exhibit a history of China's aerospace development including that country's space programme. Its press release says:

"[The University of Manchester] has worked with the Confucius Institute to develop partnership arrangements with a number of science-based organisations in China, and The China Space Programme Exhibition is a result of this."

but don't worry you appear to have plenty of time, even if you're visiting the UK from overseas 

The China Space Programme, which runs from 30 January to 7 August 2010 in [Museum of Science & Industry's] Air & Space Hall, includes models of ancient rockets, as well as recent satellites (including the Donfanghong series), rockets (including the Long March series), space ships and a lunar rover.

Planet Earth news bites December 2009!

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Its time again for a whirlwind roundup of various news items from around the internet beginning with Space News' Galileo satellite navigation system scoop

Hyperbola hears that the actual announcement on who won what will be made on or around 23 December, next week basically. While Space News talks of Germany's OHB Systems winning eight of the 22 spacecraft to be ordered Hyperbola can understand why Astrium, with all the built in costs such a large company has to address, might not be too happy at any outcome starting with the reduction in spacecraft from 28 to 22

Talking of Europeans the head of the European Space Agency's Earth Observation programmes visit to China is a feature on the China National Space Administration (CNSA) website which is rather scant on detail on what China, ESA coperation in this area actually means. On the rarely updated CNSA website there is also news of a signing of a two-year China, Russia space co-operation deal, again with little detail on what that means - docking and rendezvous help perhaps?

And talking of Russians, that country's spacecraft company Energia is preparing for the 20 December launch of Soyuz TMA-17, go here for more photos of the astronaut, cosmonaut training.  Meanwhile there is a documentary movie apparently of Anousheh Ansari's Soyuz trip to the International Space Station, more details can be found here at Romanian space advocacy group ARCA's website along with info on a school's space related painting workshop

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency gives an update on its solar sail spacecraft Ikaros, which it compares with the US Planetary Society's Lightsail-1, while Aabar Investment is taking a long term view of its interest in space tourism

Point to point is not going to be with us for a good twenty years simply because of the time it will take, assuming space tourism is successful, to draw in the hundreds of millions of dollars of private investment needed to solve the technology issues of propulsion and thermal protection - not to mention necessary international regulatory issues

But what a point to point suborbital vehicle is unlikely to use is an inflatable heat shield, which NASA is intending to fly again and has just released the draft statement of work for. Another NASA procurement is to examine the feasibility of what could be one element of the Augustine report's flexible path - lagrange point space telescope servicing by astronauts

PICTURES: Tiangong model, cargo spacecraft, station in-orbit assembly

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tiangong.JPG
credit Flight / caption: Are we looking at the future shape of China's unmanned cargo resupply spacecraft?

This 1:10 scale model of China's manned space engineering programme's Tiangong spacelab docked to a Shenzhou spacecraft was exhibited at the 60th International Astronautical Congress (IAC) in Daejeon, Korea in October

While talking to Chinese space programme officials in Daejeon Hyperbola was told about the cargo spacecraft that will be developed from the Tiangong spacelab, of which three could fly over the next ten years. China will use them to test technologies for rendezvous and docking, life support and experiment equipment destined for the space station  

See the cargo spacecraft design and in-orbit space station assembly pictures and video in the extended portion of this blog post 

Head of China's astronaut systems talks to CCTV-9

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Go here to see the video of Chen Shanguang, the chief commander and chief designer of China's Manned Space Engineering astronaut system speaking to China's state run English language news and current affairs channel CCTV-9. Go here for more China manned space programme CCTV videos and here for videos related to Shenzhou missions care of Google

Here is Flightglobal's recent Chinese Moon programme story with pictures of the country's latest concept for its space station planned for 2020. Find other Flightglobal stories about China's space programme here and go here for past Hyperbola blog postings about the new super power's orbital endeavours

VIDEO: China talks manned lunar and space station missions

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Senior China space programme officials spoke at the 60th International Astronautical Congress' "Late breaking news" session on the morning of 15 October, giving an insight into the country's planning for long term space missions and manned flights beyond low Earth orbit

In the above video an overview of the history of the Chinese manned programme is given as well as details about future missions including a 60,000kg space station in 2020. There are also brief references made to concept studies for a manned lander, presumably lunar, exploration mission

Read this story for more details about the three-crew space station and manned Moon mission planning

Go here for more IAC 2009 videos

WORLD EXCLUSIVE PICTURES: China's space station concept

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china station.JPG
credit: CMSE / caption: this is a three module station

These Chinese space station concepts were presented by China Manned Space Engineering deputy general designer Wang Zhonggui at International Astronautical Congress in Daejeon, Korea on 15 October. The space station would be about 60tons and would be operational from 2020 with Shenzhou providing crew transport and cargo spacecraft that will use structural technology from China's rednezvous and docking test vehicle Tiangong that will be launched in 2011. Zhonggui also explained to Fligthgloal that a Chinese manned Moon mission was under discussion by the space programme's scientists though no timeframe for any mission had been discussed 

china station 2.JPG
credit CMSE / caption:

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