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Aviation History
1909
1909 - 0737.PDF
NOVEMBER 20, 1909. FLYER SILHOUETTES FROM THE PARIS SALON. (Continued from page 720,) CLEMENTVBAYARD. BIPLANE with tail and elevator. The lines resemble a combination of the Wright and Voisin systems of construction, inasmuch as the elevator, outrigger, and shape of the main decks have features in common with the American machine, while the tail is essentially a a spur-pinion mounted on the end of a universally-jointed extension of the crank-shaft, and this pinion is permanently in mesh with another on the propeller-boss. In the event of suddenly applied load, the action of the drive tends to cause the driving-pinion to Clement'Bayard Biplane at Paris Flight Show. Voisin detail, albeit on this model it is not of the box-kite form. No panels are used anywhere, nor is there even a prow on the elevator. • - The most interesting detail on this machine is the spring-drive and gear-reduction mechanism for the propeller. The propeller Sketch showing the gear-drive for the propeller on the Clement- Bayard flyer. itself is mounted on a kind of double bracket, one part of which is rigidly fixed to the machine, while the other rides on the first, and is anchored to the frame of the machine by a spring-suspended torque-rod. This latter bracket provides a casing and support for "walk" bodily round the gear-wheel on the propeller, an action which is permitted to a limited extent by the spring anchorage just described. An accompanying sketch shows the general arrange- ment of this detail on the machine. The use of a gear-mechanism is for the purpose of adapting.the engine speed to a more efficient type of propeller. The average high-speed petrol engine is commonly considered to run too fast for a good design of propeller, but on the other hand gear-reduction mechanism is in itself a source of lost power, and many makers Elevator r -f ton* therefore retain the direct-drive. The spring anchorage embodied in the Clement-Bayard system plays much the same part as is performed by a spring-suspended torque-rod on the modern live- axle automobile. The control of the Clement-Bayard is effected by a steering- wheel and a pedal. Pushing the steeringTwheel column bodily to and fro works the elevator, rotating the wheel operates the rudder. The pedal controls small balancing planes mounted between the main decks, near the extremities. 739
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