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Aviation History
1912
1912 - 0007.PDF
Besides this interesting monoplane, a full selection of beautifully- constructed Regy Freres' propellers is exhibited on this stand. Tail-unit and propeller—Paulhan-Tatin monoplane. Principal dimensions, &c. :— Length 28 ft. Weight ... 800 lbs. Span 8 ft. J Speed 88 m.p.h. Area 140 sq. ft. Motor 50-h.p. Gnome. Price jf 1,000. Kauffmann. - -"*«' THE Kauffmann monoplane, while in its broad outline it has much in common with the general run of monoplanes, is chiefly remarkable for the size and shape of its wings. These are arched and turaed up at the tips and are only a matter of 2 fr. in chord measurement. The method of staying them is also interesting. - -Four-stranded steel cables, two to each wing, take the weight of the machine in flight, and at a suitable distance from the wing these cables split up into a number of smaller wires, each of which is attached to its corresponding rib in the wing structure. By this system, although the head-resistance of the machine as a whole is increased, a great measure of security is obtained; in fact the constructors claim a safety factor of 25. The main body is of the ordinary box-girder type, cross-braced with steel wire, and covered in in the front with aluminium sheeting and to the rear with fabric. A 50-60-h.p. radial Anzani motor, direct coupled to a Centrale propeller, is installed at the forward end of the fuselage. Th°. tail is triangular in plan form, and does some of the share of the lifting. Hinged to it is the elevator, and the whole is protected from ground contact by a large flexible skid of malacca cane. Warping is employed for lateral balance, this being operated, together with the elevating surface, from a central lever in the pilot's cockpit. Principal dimensions, &c. : — Length 24 ft. 8 ins. Weight ... 572 lbs. Span 35 ft. Soeed ... 85 m.p.h. Area 154 sq. ft. Engine ... 50-60-h.p. Anzani. Price ;£8oo. Marcay-Moonen. THIS interesting monoplane, illustrations of which appeared in FLIGHT for December 9th, 1911, constructed to the designs of M. Henri Chazal, is interesting for the fact that its wings are pivoted, by which system their angle of incidence may be varied at the will of the pilot while in flight, and on landing they may be folded back against the fuselage by the mere turning of the wheel on the right of the pilot. To effect this each wing is mounted on and braced to a mast, which is attached at an angle to the fuselage. The adjustment ol the wings for balancing purposes is made from the pilot's control wheel. Supposing the machine to be dipping on the left-hand side, the control wheel will be rotated towards the right, which action advances the axis of the left wing, and retards the axis of the right wing a similar amount. It is by virtue of the oblique mounting of the masts that the advancing or retarding of the wings causes their angle of incidence to be increased or diminished respectively. The convenience of this method of wing-mounting is amply demonstrated by the fact that the machine was towed through the streets of Paris from its hangar at Issy-les-Moulineaux to the Grand Palais without being dismantled ; and its re-erection at the latter place merely consisted of about a dozen rotations of the wing operating- wheel. To further assist the ease with which the machine may be steered over the ground, the rudder is made to work in eon j unci ion with a pair of pivoting wheels, situated under the tail. The landing- chassis is identical with that of the Zodiac biplane, except that no pro vision is made for the accommodation of any sideway's movement in landing. Its propulsive group consists of a Gnome engine and a The Marcay-Moonen monoplane, with pivoting wings. Chauviere propeller. Accommodation is provided for a passenger, and to lend a little realism to the assertion of the Marcay-Moonr n people that their machine has been designed purely for military work, this latter's cockpit was equipped with a quick-firing gun and a wireless telegraphy installation. Principal dimensions, &c. :— Length 40 ft. I Weight ... 990 lbs. Span 5 ft. j Speed ... 55 m.p.h. Area 440 sq. ft. I Motor ... 50-h.p. Gnome. Morane-Saulnier. THE exhibit on this stand consisted of four monoplanes, a school type, a military two-seater, a racing type, and an uncom pleted all-steel monoplane. Both the little Anzani-engined school type machine, and the 70-h.p. military are identical as far as their general outline is concerned, the only difference in the two models being the slightly increased size of the more powerful machine. The fuselage in both cases is of the customary box-girder type, being fairly deep in the neighbourhood of the pilot's seat and tapering off from that point towards the tail where its termination may be represented by a horizontal line. In the case of the two- seater machine the 70-h.p. Gnome engine with which it is equipped is almost totally enclosed in a large oil-shield, an idea of which may be gained from the accompanying sketch. This feature is naturally omitted in the school machine, as this is fitted with a stationary air- cooled engine for the proper operation of which a maximum volume of air-cooling draught is imperative. Both are equipped with a Henry Farman type of landing gear, the only difference being that the skids, not being up-turned in front, are appirently not intended to come into action when landing, and the wheels are mounted in a slightly different manner. The fuel tanks are arranged under the steel wind-screen, which latter is heavily padded along its rear edge in order to prevent any personal damage to the pilot should he be thrown forward from his seat as the result of a heavy landing. The main body is covered in throughout its whole length to reduce head- resistance. In its main characteristics the Morane-Saulnier racer is identical with the two machines already described, its only difference lying in the design of its under-carriage. This latter being entirely con structed of oval section steel tubing, to which are attached the two The Morane monoplane. landing-wheels. As no attempt has been made to endow the chassis with any degree of flexibility, it is doubtful whether it will 7 c
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