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Aviation History
1912
1912 - 0042.PDF
l/ESS JANUARY 13, 1913. BRITISH PATENTS. Specifications Selected and Abridged by James D. Roots, M.I.Mech.IL, Thanet House, Temple Bar, London* The first date given is the date of application ; the second, at the end, the date of the advertisement of the acceptance of the complete specification. 3,532. February nth, 1911. Improve ments in or relating to Aerial Machines. Guido Antoni, and Ugo Antoni, both of 46, Via Vitt, Emanuele, Pisa.—This invention refers to improvements in the structure and control of lifting planes, such improvements being connected with equilibration and pro pulsion. In this invention a portion of one end of the plane in proximity to the rear edge is warped to a permanent curvature, the other end of such rear surface being flexible and adapted to be warped at will of the operator. Fig. I is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a part plan. When the aeroplane is at rest the planes are completely flat throughout their surfaces, with the exception of the rear portion, limited either by the dotted line, S, S, or by the dotted line, S\ S1, which portion is warped and turned upwards. The permanent warp of a portion of the rear surface of the plane either at the inner side, (S, S, T1), or at the outer side, (S1, S1, T), secures the longitu- motion of the lifting planes when so warped and curved downwards throughout their extent with the exception of the upwardly warped portions (S1, S', Tor S, S, T1) above referred to. Owing to the flexibility of the planes, the degree of curvature may be varied so as to accommodate the same to the amount of the load to be lifted, whereby it is possible to increase the lifting power of the machine without changing the engine. Should the engine be stopped, the equi librium of an aeroplane fitted with the flexible lifting surfaces would not be affected, as the flexible surfaces would assume by themselves an upwardly-directed curvature, as shown at a1, owing to their flexibility and the pressure exerted thereon by the sur rounding air. While either of the portions, S\ S1, T, or S, S, T1, are permanently warped upwardly, the curvatures correspond ing to the different conditions of equilibrium and lift above referred to are obtained by to improvements in flying machine supporting planes which are to be warped or twisted for purposes of control, and to improved means applicable for use in warping or twisting, such wings. Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse section, illustrating a front elevation of a rear spar, the view being taken at or about the line of the rear spar whereby the sup porting surface or plane is warped. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one of the rib members of the plane ; the rear spar and the rib being shown in relation to the front spar in- full lines and after warping in dotted lines. The front and back spars, a, a1, of each plane are of circular section, and on these the ribs, 6, are threaded, the latter being formed with circular holes, c, c\ to receive the front and back spars respectively. "Wing-warp" is accompanied by a semi- rotary motion of the ribs about the front spars, a, the latter serving as journals, and dinal stability of the machine j and prevents its being overturned. As is well known, the adoption of curved planes enables a greater reduction to be made in the necessary lifting area than if a flat surface is employed. In order to take the above property into account the lifting planes are provided not only with the portions, S1, S1, T, or S, S, T1, which are warped under any working conditions, but are also capable of being deflected and curved downwards on their rear side, for instance, from AI d, Fig. I, to At c1, when the aeroplane is either starting or running at its normal speed. In Fig. 1, the contour, Ai c1, represents the section in the direction of ® ® Japanese on Board "Capitaine Ferber*" THE Japanese mission visiting Europe paid a visit to the Zodiac headquarters at St. Cyr on Monday, and after witnessing several demonstration flights by aeroplanes, four of the officers, Col. Yamada, Col. Azakuno, Col. Kitayama and Commander Sasamoto, went on board the dirigible "Capitaine Ferher" and, piloted by Count de la Vaulx, were taken for a cruise over Satory and Versailles. means of a handle, q, controlled by the pilot. The lever, q, is connected by means of a wire cable, 1, which runs on pulleys, d, P, and is connected to the end, J, of a wooden or other support or stay, /, I, the upper end, 1, being pivotally connected to the plane, Ai*. Two ties, preferably steel, and numbered 2 and 3 respectively, connect the end,/, of the stay with the points, A and B, of the plane Alb. In the position of descent (when the engine is stopped) the plane will be turned upwards by the upward air pressure and will take up the position, Ai a>, indicated in the dotted lines, the lever, q, taking up the position, s, of its own accord. The stay moves to the position, e 1, and the ties to 21 and 31 respectively. WThen the aeroplane is starting or running in a normal course the plane, Al£, should be deflected and curved downwards to take up the position A1 A. To effect this the lever, q, must be moved to the position r, when the stay will move to the position I g, and the ties to 211 and 311 respectively.—December 20th, 1911. 3,125. February 7th, 1911. Improve ments in Supporting Planes for Flying Machines. G. H. Challenger and the British and Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd., Clare Street House, Brisfpl.—This invention relates 31SS in the ribs as bearings. the circular holes, c, The back spar, a1, of each plane is moved up and down, about its articulated joint, bl, by means of several control-wires, d, d1, dz, attached to the underside of collars, IP-, pro vided at various points along its length, a similar number of supporting-wires, e, e1, e2, being attached to the top of said collars and led over a pulley,/, provided on the frame of the machine to corresponding collars pro vided on the back spar of the other plane. Each upward or downward movement of the- rear spar of one of the planes necessitates an equal and opposite movement of the rear spar of the corresponding plane. The opposite ends of the control-wires, d, d1, d2, are attached to a central arm, g1, of a three-armed lever, g, at certain predetermined distances, as x, y, zr from the centre of rotation, the distances being so proportioned that, from any given degree of rotation of the lever, each wire is actuated to such an extent that each point of the spar to which the wires are attached is moved sufficiently to keep the spar straight throughout its length. The remaining arms of the three-armed lever, g, are connected by means of wires, h, to the corresponding arms of the warping-lever, i, the movement of the latter being transmitted to the three-armed lever.—December 20th, 1911. ® ® Missing Austrian Balloon. ON December 27th Lieut. Werner left Salzburg in a military balloon belonging to the Archduke Joseph Ferdinand and nothing more was heard of it until Monday, when it was sighted in the snow on the top of the Pyrh Pass, 7,000 ft. high, near Spital Caninthia. A relief expedition started at once, but it was feared that Lieut- Werner could hardly still be alive. 42
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