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Aviation History
1912
1912 - 0942.PDF
[fijm OCTOBER IQ. 1912. A NEW HENRY FARMAN BIPLANE. ACCESSORIES such as lamps and hooters, which form a by no means insignificant feature of the modern motor car, have as yet been absent from the aeroplane, but there is a machine down at Hendon just now belonging to the Grahame-White Co. which attracts consider able attention in its possession of these fittings, and among the sketches we give this week are two or three showing the afore mentioned etceteras. As a matter of fact, however, they are of comparatively minor interest on a machine like the Henry Farman, notwithstanding that it has long been one of the most universally well-known flyers in existence. This particular model, as it happens, is a new design to the extent of having one of the latest 80-h.p. Gnome engines, and although built on the same lines is much smaller in size than the 70-h.p. biplane that has been doing such good missionary work in the country with its " Wake Up England " motto. It is designed for a speed somewhere in the order of 6b miles an hour, and, constructionally, it is characterised by the great superiority of the span of the upper plane as compared with the lower. Indeed, the upper plane is almost twice the span of the lower plane. Its ailerons or balancing flaps t°°> occupy the whole length of the trailing edges of the upper main plane extensions. At the rear, a slight modification will be noticed in the shape of the rudder, which has a curved entering edge, carried forward of the rudder post. Near the engine, a little detail of interest is the very neatly-arranged combined petrol and oil-tank, which has a capacity for 1 \ gallons of fuel and 7 gallons of castor oil. This feature forms the subject of one of our sketches, as also does one of the nicely- made joints in the control wires. Henry Metres, ft. Upper main plane— Span I3'S0(4S Chord i-oo( 6 Lower main plane— Span 7"5°(24 Chord i"45 ( 4 Distance between main planes ... Ailerons- Length Chord Fixed tail plane— Spin Chord... Farman Biplane. in. 0 ) o ) 7 ) 9 ) 1-40 ( 4 7 ) 3-0 (19 0-42 ( 1 3-50(11 i-o ( 3 10 ) 44) 5 ) 6 ) Elevators— Length Chord... Rudder— Height Chord... Propeller— Diameter Pitch ... Weight (with pilot, fuel, and oil, but without passengers Flying speed Metres, ft. in. 175(5 0-52 (2 1-85(6 080 (2 2'6o (8 1 90 (6 9 ) o ) 4 ) 74) 0 ) o ) 900 lbs. 62 m.p.h. ® ® ® ® THE HANRIOT MONOPLANE. IT is not surprising that the new Ilanriot monoplane has a great deal in common with the Nieuport, for the reason that its designs are due to M. Pagny, who had collaborated with M. Edouard Nicuport in producing the latter's monoplane. There are refine ments of design noticeable throughout in the new Hanriot, but the main differences are centred at the landing chassis—the shape of the stabilizer, and the operation of the controls. Let us therefore deal Another advantage this chassis has is that it extends sufficiently far back to enable the rear struts to serve as a point from which the wing warping may be operated. In this manner the more or less mmmBiu "Flight" Copyright. The method of attaching the wing-cables on the Hanriot monoplane- "Flight " Copyright. Sketch showing how the warping is geared up by means of a bell crank on the Hanriot monoplane. It also shows the type of socket by which the chassis-struts are assembled to the landing-skids, with these first. Recognising the difficulty that not a few pilots have experienced in using the Nieuport chassis, the Hanriot firm have been most wise in adopting a form of landing gear that is, we might almost say "fool proof." It consists simply of an orthodox pair of skids with an orthodox pair of wheels strapped down to them by elastic bands. But even in such a much used form of chassis there has been introduced a very useful refinement. In place of the usual plain types of radius rod, a system of tie rods is used, whereby the axle carrying the landing wheels may travel, when the wheels encounter a bump, in a straight vertical path. With the ordinary type of radius rod the axle travels along an arc of a circle, a move ment which is none too kind to the rubber straps employed. One of our sketches illustrates this point. " Flight " Copyright. The clever double-crank radius-rods of the Hanriot chassis, showing the neat unit they form with the shock-absorbers- customary form of lower cabane is done away with—and the head resistance that it would give rise to also. One of our sketches shows one of the two bell cranks, one on either side, through which the warping is actuated. It is rather noticeable that the warp is geared up, for the arm taking the control wire is shorter than the other. As for the wings, they are, to outside appearance, so exactly like those of the Nieuport that there is little need to describe them. 942
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