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Aviation History
1913
1913 - 0021.PDF
JANUARY 4, 1913. exhaust ports are used, and there is a chamber formed on the front of the crank-case into which the explosive mixture is drawn by the engine and from which the inlet pipes are led, for the distribution of the gas to the cylinders, somewhat similar to the arrange ment used on the Anzani engines. The makers of this motor do not machine the outside of the cylinder, and claim that by this practice greater strength is obtained, but since the walls cannot be made of excessive thickness in this class of work this claim would appear to be more than counterbalanced by the risk of an unduly thin casting on one side and the distortion produced by the unequal cooling resulting therefrom. Adequate lubrication is a special feature of this engine, no fewer than four pumps being utilised for this purpose, and in order to prevent over-lubricating the inverted cylinders, the casting is extended so as to project into the crank-case itself to the extent of about l| in. Aozani Engines.—Figs. 1 and 2, and Figs. 3 and 4. The principal improvements that have been made in these engines since 1909 have been in regard to the method of valve operation, the use of long bolts for securing the cylinders, the formation of a mixing chamber upon the crank-case, and the employment of helicoidal feet to the connecting rod. Air-cooling is still employed, as is also the automatic inlet valve, but the exhaust valves are now operated by overhead levers as seen in Fig. 3. The construction employed in these engines for the attachment to the crank is somewhat similar to that on the old Brotherhood engines, in that a central bronze bush is fitted to the crankpin upon which the ends of the rods rest. To secure the parts in position, two clips in halves are bolted together (one on each side of the rod) over longitudinal extensions from the connecting rods. The two forms differ as regards the shape of the con necting rod ends, for whereas in Brotherhood's engine they were made parallel to the axis of the crank, in the Anzani engine they have a helical shape, the object of the latter being to obtain a greater angular contact between the rod and the bush. The inlet pipes are now placed at the back of the cylinders on account of the strong cooling effect produced at high speeds in their former position. In addition to the types of engines illustrated in Figs. I to 4, there is one other—the military type or V engine—in which three cylinders are arranged at an angle of 1200, though in all other respects it is similar to Fig. 1. The cylinders of these engines are ® ® Servian Royalty Flying. ON December 20th, the Servian aviator, Agasonoff, made three flights over Uskub being accompanied by the heir-apparent to the Kingdom of Servia. The soldiers and the crowd gave the pilot and his Royal passenger an enthusiastic reception on landing. Cross-Country Flying in Roumania. ON the 16th December, Lieut. Capra on the Bleriot flew from Bucharest to Braila, a distance of 180 kiloms., in two and a-half hours, while Vacas, on a Farman, took three hours for a similar trip. They then gave an exhibition of flying, resulting in the raising of about ^400 for the National Fund. Afterwards Lieut. Capra returned direct to Bucharest, while Vacas commenced a tour of the country. Another Casualty in the Balkan War. ON the evening of the signing of the armistice, Constantine de Mazurkiewitch, a volunteer aviator with the Bulgarian Army, was wounded by the Turks while flying over the Tchalaldja lines. He managed to get his aeroplane back to the Bulgarian lines, but died soon afterwards. A Volunteer Corps for Germany. THE proposal of the Imperial German Aero Club to organise a Volunteer FlyiDg Corps appears to be taking shape, and a scheme has been submitted to the Military authorities. This provides an annual grant of .£150 to the pilot in addition to £2 for daily expenses and .£10 to cover the cost of transporting the machine. It also allows for a pension of ^1 per day to be paid to the dependents of any volunteer airmen killed in service. An Aerial Honeymoon in Germany. AFTER his wedding on Sunday week, Herr Gustav Otto, the German aeroplane builder, mounted his machine, near the registry office, and, with Baierlein as pilot, flew with his bride across Munich, landing just by the home of some friends in the suburb where the wedding breakfast had been prepared. Herr Otto plans to have an aerial honeymoon if the weather is favourable. (/jFJGHT Fig. 4.—80 and 100-h.p. Anzani engine. offset with relation to the crank-shaft. The large wind resistancc area offered by the class of engines in which the cylinders are arranged about the crank-shaft in obvious by an inspection of Fig. 4. Attention may also be drawn to the high speed at which it is necessary to drive the armature of the magneto (should a single magneto be employed) with a large number of cylinders. In the 10-cyl. Anzani, the armature must be run at 2I times the speed of the engine. (To be continued.) ® ® A German Flyer in France. SOME surprise was occasioned at Marmay, Haute Saone, on the 19th ult., by the landing of a German non-commissioned officer named Zippa, who explained that, while flying from Mulhausen, he lost his way in the fog. After being detained for some time, while enquiries were being made, he returned by train with his machine to Mulhausen. And a French Pilot in Germany. ON the 28th ult. a biplane from the Nancy garrison, piloted by Lieut. Glaize, accompanied by another officer, was forced, through failure of the motor near Avricourt, to land on the German side of the frontier. After explanations the officers were permitted to return with their machine by train. A German Fatality. AFTER making a flight in the neighbourhood of Mayence, Lieut. Dransfield's machine was capsized when trying to land. The pilot was thrown out, and injured his skull so severely that he died almost immediately. An Aeroplane to the Rescue. PRACTICAL use was made of the aeroplane in Morocco on the 22nd ult. A column of 500 French troops had been surrounded by rebels to the south of Mogador, and for five days some anxiety was felt for their safety. It was then that Lieut. Dohu, on his Bleriot monoplane, was able to convey information to the Commander that reinforcements were close at hand. A week later Lieuts. Dohu and Perret made a 25 mins.' reconnaissance along the Tedzy Valley, while Lieut. Van den Vaero and Fierstein flew over from Casablanca to Tangier, the trip taking 2 hrs. 50 mins. Wilhelmsbaven to have Air Station. IT is stated that the German naval authorities have decided to establish an aviation centre at Wilhelmshaven on the North Sea, and that it will replace the one temporarily started at Putzig, where the Government have been experimenting with various types of hydro-aeroplanes for some time. 21
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