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Aviation History
1913
1913 - 0617.PDF
JtJKB 14, 1913. maintenance of lateral stability is effected through stranded cables by means of two pedals. From the pilot's seat, situated as it is well to the rear of the trailing edge of the planes, an exceptionally fine view of the country underneath is obtained, this being further facilitated by the absence of fabric in the central portion of the lower plane. Just behind the main spars, i.e., approximately on the centre of pressure, is the observer's seat, formed by the front of the petrol tank, which is built into the fuse/age between the two seats. In front of the observer is a starting handle by means of which he can start the engine without getting out of his seat. l/yoBf] The front part of the landing chassis, showing transverse leaf-spring. A supply of 48 gallons of petrol is carried in the main tank between the seats. A small pump of the rotary type, and driven by a miniature propeller working in the slip stream of the propeller, forces petrol from the main tank into a service tank under the cowl in front of the pilot, whence it is fed by gravity to the engine. Oil is carried in two small tanks, which have a capacity of 4 gallons each. Mounted on strong steel bearers in the nose of the machine is the engine, which in this particular machine is a 7-cylinder radial Canton-Unne engine of 85-h.p. The fact that the engine is of the radial type allows of a very good stream-line, as only the valve rockers and tappets project outside the aluminium covering. As the engine is water-cooled it will be easily understood that there is no necessity to have the cylinders exposed to the air, and a considerable amount of head resistance is avoided by bolting .1 hemispherical shield to the boss of the propeller, thus completing the streamline form oi the fuselage. Water-cooling is effected by means ol two radiators, consisting of a series of flattened brass tubes. and secured to the two inner plane struts. One of the most noticeable departures from the original design is the landing chassis. This structure is eon structed throughout of steel tubes, which have been The universal tail-joint stream-lined with a casing of aluminium. The axle ol the main wheels is supported on two telescopic tubes fitted with oleo-pneumatic springs for taking the shock in landing, while a pair of orientable wheels, sprung from the front member of the chassis, protect the propeller against contact with the ground. A tail skid is not fitted, the rudder, as previously described, being sprung in such a manner that it per forms the duty of a tail skid. Owing to the great flexibility of the wings the machine has a large amount of natural stability, as a gust striking one wing simply raises the trailing edge without destroying the equilibrium of the machine. Another advantage of this flexible wing construction is that a very wide speed range is obtained. The weight of the machine empty is 1,550 lbs. On the right, the Breguet petrol pump; in the centre, a typical strainer and its attachment to the plane, sketch shows a flexible joint between a strut and main spar, with its adjacent fittings. 643 The left-hand D 2
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