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Aviation History
1913
1913 - 1180.PDF
TU9HL NOVEMBER I, 1913. KITE- AEROPLANE A kite-aeroplane designed by Mr. J. F. Hammond. A Kite-Aeroplane. By J. F. HAMMOND. In the not far distant future, the most speedy and popular means of transit will be by means of aeroplanes, which will no doubt be made to travel as immune from risks of disaster as we do at the present moment on railway lines and the high seas. But not fifty per cent, of the people who see an aeroplane cleav ing through the air realise that the machine is nothing more or less than a " kite " supported in the atmosphere by an air-wave of its own creating. The accompanying drawings of a " kite-aeroplane " will tend to illustrate this statement, and the model, which can be made at the cost of a few shillings only, will have every appearance of an aero plane in full flight, the illusion being intensified by the appearance of the whirling propeller, which is, of course, only blown round by the wind. Materials.—I doz. 5 ft. bamboo canes ; 2 doz. 3 in. metal skewers the points should be nipped off); 3 yds. material (cotton or silk) ; id. Beeswax; Manilla twine (medium); id. carpet thread; 2d. -white tape, No. 10. Directions for making.—All measurements are from hole to hole, •which must be drilled without splitting the canes. I. Make the two supports for side ends. Pins to be pushed through the holes (including the centre of the crosspieces) and bound together tightly. Figure C. II. Cut out material for both planes, allowing turnover for front and back edge to be bound by No. 10 tape, which permits the two sticks of 44 ins. to be run through them. Note it is advisable not to make the width of the material quite the full 15 ins., but, say I4i ins., to allow for stretching when trying on later. There are no side sticks for the planes. III. Cut out and make elevator in similar style, but only the front edge requires a stick. IV. Fix on the side sticks to elevator, then lay them on the lower plane, having previously bored the holes at 61-13 + 15 = 34 and pin and bind them down. V. A dd stick for rudder-tail support to lower plane 15 + 24 + 6=45. Figure D. VI. Add stick for rudder-tail support to upper plane 15 + 24 + 6 « 45, which has but 3 sticks. Figure E. VII. Join the two planes together by tying them on to the *'support for ends." Figure C. These must be bound only, and not pinned. VIII. Pin two sticks (10 inches) to support the centres of the planes (back and front edge), and pin a third stick (10 inches) in front of the rudder. IX. Cut out and sew on material for rudder 10 x 6. X. The propeller is made with a flat piece of wood, twisted by holding in front of a steaming kettle. A wooden cotton-reel halved and placed each side of propeller, and a long hair-pin run through and turned up in a hook each end does well. XI. If the lower and upper opposite " corners " of the planes are joined by double string it adds greatly to the firmness of the whole structure. An Apparatus for Recording Air-Flow Round Solid Bodies. By H. R. KERRUISH. The action of the apparatus is as follows : Air is forced through the glass tube (d) from an aspirator or air-pump and passes through the flask, A, in which are the materials for producing sulphuretted hydrogen. A mixture of air and H2S then passes into chamber, B, through the eight glass tubes, C, which are made parallel at the ends and drawn out into jets. D is a wooden stand, with a piece of paper, E, which has been soaked in a solution of acetate of lead. The jets (which are \ in. apart at the points) are adjusted so as to deliver eight parallel columns of air along the surface of the paper, MAKING- 2 GLASS JETS h . \ i FINISHED JsJ : : i i JET : y BENDIN&THE GLASS TUBING or, rather, about 2 mm. above it. Now, H2S (sulphuretted hydrogen), as is well known, produces a black precipitate of PbS (lead sulphide) when in contact with soluble Pb (lead salts), so that if the air supply is turned on, eight parallel black lines will appear on the paper (which must be damp), representing the uninterrupted air flow. Now, if a strut is screwed to the board, the screw passing 1206
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