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Aviation History
1913
1913 - 1377.PDF
DECEMBER 27,1913. each in a separate cockpit, and the controls are of the usual Borel type. A small float, which turns with the rudder, enables the machine to be steered on the fAiGHT) water at slow speeds. The wings are attached to the fuselage by two bolts pass ing through the spars, the bolt through the front spar being vertical, while the rear spar bolt is horizontal to allow of the wings being warped without bending the spar. In order to provide a better view in a forward and downward direction, the leading edges have been cut away for a distance of a couple of feet on each side of the fuselage. The remaining machine—the " Ruby"— is undoubtedly the most interesting on the stand, as it represents a very radical departure not only from usual Borel design, but from aeroplane design in general. The raison d'etre of this machine is the consistent demand of the military authorities, for a machine in which the propeller is mounted On the left the Borel "Ruby"; on the right the Borel military monoplane. central part of the fuselage, and between the two planes, is mounted the engine—a 50 h.p. Gnome—which diives, through a long shaft, a small propeller situated behind the tail-planes. Where the four longerons converge in the rear of the fuselagt, is a ball thrust bearing which relieves the long shaft of all end thrust. In the front part of the fuselage are arranged the seats for the pilot and passenger, the pilot occupying the front seat. In front of him is a Hotchkiss machine gun mounted on the apex of a structure of three steel tubes secured to the nose and upper longerons of the fustiag, respectively. Control is by means of a single central steel tube, which operates the warp and elevator, whilst a pivoted foot-bar actuates the rudder. Borel hydrcmonoplane. •' Flight" Copyright. behind the main planes, while the pilot's and observer's seats are situated well out in front, partly to facilitate observation and partly to allow of a Igun being mounted in such a manner that it may be fired in all directions without the propeller interfering with it. The fuselage, which is of rectangular section, and which tapers gradually towards the bow and the stern, is built up of four longerons of ash, connected by struts and cross-members of spruce. In the iehl The propeller and tall planes of the Borel "Ruby." The chassis is of a very simple form, and consists of two pairs of ash struts, each pair forming a V. Two stub axles, which are pivoted on another pair ol V struts, and work in slots between the chassis struts, are sprung from these by means of rubber shock absorbers. The tail planes, which are of rather unusual shape, as well as the tail skid, are illustrated by one of the accompanying sketches. BREGUET. The first impression one receives of the Breguet hydro-biplane exhibited is one of strength and power, and a closer inspection confirms the correctness of this impression. In its general lines this machine resembles the previous Breguet hydros., but an examination of the constructional details soon reveals numerous improvements Which should almost totally reclify most of the points that met with adverse criticism in earlier machines of this make. The fuselage, which is still built of steel practically throughout, is constructed on a quite different and greatly improved principle. It will be remembered that in the earlier machines the rear portion of the fuselage consisted of a single steel tube stiffened with wire bracing which, whilst probably perfectly safe as far as bending Stresses are concerned, could not be all that was to be desired for torsional strains. In the present machine this single tube has been H03
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