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Aviation History
1914
1914 - 0270.PDF
IAWHT) MARCH 14, 1914. The 90 h.p. Austro-Daimler engine, and on the right the 120 h.p. Austro-Daimlef engine. Note the method of attachment of the cylinders to the crankcase. gear, in the case of the larger engine, and where this is dispensed with the gearing may be usefully employed for driving a dynamo for a wireless telegraphy apparatus. Reference was made to the 120 h.p. engine in our issue for January 24th last, so that it will be merely necessary to note the recent alterations that have been made. The cylinders are now machined both externally and internally so as to avoid any distortion due to heat on unequal thicknesses of metal, and as before, are fitted with an electrolytically deposited copper jacket, whilst a pressed steel tlange is screwed on to the bottom of the barrel and attached to the crank-case by seven holding down l>olts. The copper jackets have been increased in thickness because of the hard usage to which they are subjected. Bosch lubricators are now fitted on the 90 h.p. model with which, it is claimed, oil pressures in the neighbourhood of 1,000 lbs. per sq. in. can be attained. These pumps are ope rated by a cam-shaped disc driven by helical gearing from the crank shaft, and each lead from the pump is supplied by two piston plungers, the stroke of which may be varied, one plunger acting as a piston-valve and the other functioning as a pump. The leads through which the oil is conveyed are of weldless steel tubing. In order to minimise the risk of fracture of the rubber water circulation connections, long rubber joints have been inserted between the car burettor and the engine system. Sparking plugs are now entirely covered in with a large fibre cap and porcelain cover. Lastly, pre cautions have been taken to prevent the possibility of fire by making the intake lube of ample length and covering the orifice with gauze. The performance of the 120 h.p. engine on the Cody biplane in the Military Trials is now a matter of history ; but, as regards the 90 h.p. engine, it is interesting to recall the fact that it was subjected to two tests by the Austrian Army authorities, each test being of 20 hours duration, and under full power. The engine was direct- coupled to a propeller, and the intervals between the tests was only half-an-hour. It sa\s much for the design of the engine that, on being dismantled, all working surfaces were found to be in perfect condition. This firm also market a 65 h.p. engine, weighing, complete with radiator, 25s lbs. which is listed at ,£495. Benz (Brompton Motor Co.). (26.) THK motor exhibited on this stand is an 85 h.p. vertical Benz, somewhat resembling in design the 100 h. p. engine that won the Kaiwrpreis of £2,500 early last year—the principal differences being in the number of cylinders, and the arrangement of the 270 magneto, which are arranged transversely across the engine. Particular attention has been given to the valve gear, as an example of which we may mention that the valves are fitted with two springs, so that in the event of one failing to act through breakage, the other will continue to function, and thus prevent an immediate descent from being imperative. The crank-shaft is supported in seven white metal bearings—one between each crank —and is of ample dimensions, so as to reduce periodic vibration, while a thrust braring is fitted on the shaft to enable the engine to be used either with a tractor or a propeller screw. Two magnetos are provided, each connected to a separate set of plugs, the reasons for which are obvious. Pump water circulation is fitted, and the water pipes are conducted through the crank-case so as to eliminate the possibility of damage being done, and, it is stated, to keep the crank-case cool. The cylinders are grouped in sets of three for water cooling, as the inlet pipe branches off to the right and left set of three, passing from one cylinder to the next in each set. The air supply is drawn through the interior of the crank-case, via a channel that is protected from the oil therein, and passes to the carburettors, which are cast integral with the top half of the crank-staiter. The air passing to the cylinder is thus warmed before admission to the carburettor and, at the same time, the temperature of the crank-case is kept down considerably. The whole of the materials used are of the highest quality, the crank-case being cast from a high grade of aluminium alloy, the cylinder of special grey cast iron, and the shafting and valves of high grade steel. The rated horse power is developed at a speed of 1,200 revs, per minute, and 95 h.p at 1,300 revs, per minute. In addition to the 85 h:p., the Benz have two other models also having six cylinders—one of 100 h.p. and the other of 150 h.p., all practically of similar design. The former, with a bore and stroke of 116 mm. x 160 mm., respectively, weighs 425 lbs., whilst the latter, with a bore of 130 mm. and a stroke of 180 mm. scales 525 lbs. It is claimed that all these engines have a very low oil and fuel consumption, which claim was thoroughly substantiated by tests carried out during the German Aero Engine Competition held about twelve months ago. Clement Bayard. (67.) ON the stand of Messrs. Delacombe and Marechal, a Clement Bayard engine, which has been specially designed at the Levallois works for dirigible work, will be shown. It is of 250 h.p., and has six separate cylinders, each cylinder being manufactured from a single piece of steel on the Clement Bayard system. Water-cooling
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