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Aviation History
1914
1914 - 1153.PDF
NOVEMBER 27, 1914. [/QGHT] SOME GERMAN ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS AND THEIR AMMUNITION. THE introduction of airships and aeroplanes into the various armies has naturally had its effect on the design of guns, or, more correctly, it has brought about the evolution of special types of guns suitable for the par ticular conditions obtaining in aerial warfare. That the ordinary ordnance was only suitable for attack on aircraft under certain exceptional conditions will be easily appre ciated when it is remembered that the airship or aero plane presents a rapidly moving target, the range of which is not readily found since it is not in the same plane as the gun, but elevated a certain number of degrees ranging from o to 900 above it. Rifle fire and machine gun fire are lacking in range, effectiveness and facility for observing the path of the projectile, whilst field guns do not possess sufficient elevation to allow of their being trained on aircraft, nor, were they once trained on their quarry, would they be able to follow it What then are the requirements to be fulfilled by tin anti-aircraft gun ? In the first place the gun, to be suit able for dealing with aircraft, must be capable of great elevation, at least up to 70°, and it must have the greatest possible traverse, that is to say, it should be capable of firing in any lateral direction; not only so but the pivoting mechanism should be so designed that the gun may be rotated quickly enough to follow the movement of the aircraft. A quick rate of firing is another essential point that has received attention from the designers of anti-aircraft guns. Of the German firms who have produced these new types of guns, the most important are the Krupp's of KRUPP ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS. Length of barrel Weight, ready for firing Weight of carriage ... Weight of shield Thickness of shield ..• Arc of elevation Traverse Rate of firing Weight of projectile... Muzzle velocity cal. lbs. lbs. lbs. ins. degrees degrees shots per min. lbs. ft./sec. 2'94-in. Field Gun, Swivelling Wheels. 30 2,260 3.750 — + 65-5 360 — i4-3 1,680 2'8-in. Gun Motor Car. 3° 2,700 — — — + 75±o 360 — 11 2,140 2'94-in. Naval Gun with Shield. 45 9,600 — 2,070 •47 -f 70 -10 360 25-30 128 2,630 3'4°in- Naval Gun without Shield. 35 7,620 — — — + 80-10 360 20-25 21 2,070 V46-in. Naval Gun with Shield. 45 12,800 — 5.300 2/-47 + 60—10 360 20-25 21 2,630 4*I-in. Coast Gun with Shield. 45 I2.O0O 1,720 •47 + 60- 10 360 »5 ¥ 2,630 473-«»- Coast Gun with Shield. 18,800 — 2,37o •47 + 60—10 360 10 53 3,630 ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS OF THE METALLWAREN- UND MASCHINENFABRIK. Length of barrel Weight of barrel Arc of elevation Traverse Thickness of armour Weight of armour ... Weight completet Ammunition. Weight of charge Weight of projectile a. Shrapnel. Number of bullets Weight of bullets (each) ... Weight of base charge Weight of grenade charge... b. Smoke shrapnel. Number of bullets ... Weight of bullets (each) ... Weight of base charge ... ft. ... lbs. degrees degrees ... ins. ... lbs. ... lbs. lbs. lbs. i'96-in. Gun on Armoured Motor. 1 -96-in. Gun on Semi-armoured Motor. c. Grenades. Weight of charge , Weight of shell Initial velocity Muzzle energy Max. range at 43° elev. .. Max. height at max. elev. Kange at max. elevation ... lbs. lbs. lbs. lbs. ... lbs. ... lbs. ft./sees. ft./tons ... ft. ... ft. i ft. I 5 310 + 70-5 60 A 1,200 6,800 •375 5*6 92 •0176 •066 •176 100 •0176 •066 •374 37 5 310 + 70-5 360 h 550 6,150 •375 5-6 92 •0176 •066 •176 100 •0176 •066 •374 37 1,480 1.480 2,200 So 80 301 25,600 25,600 33.oo° 12,200 12,200 26,000 12,500 ! 13,500 19,000 t With ammunition and full equipment. "S3 2-56-10. Gun on Motor. 2'95-in. Gun on Semi-armoured Motor. 415-in. Gun on Special Carriage. 2'95-in. Field Gun. 77 790 + 75-5 360 13,200 i'65 9 150 •0199 •088 •35 170 •OI99 •088 •615 5'2 680 4 70-5 360 A 1,180 13.500 1-32 143 265 •0199 •'54 •505 280 •0199 •»54 I'Ol 10 1,640 268 30,000 19,200 21,700 12'l 2,750 + 70-5 360 1.320 13.000 4 "4 37 "5 625 •024 '495 1 38 645 '024 •495 P 26'2 1,990 1,020 39.O00 27,300 28,500 7"9 750 + 70-5 360 i '32 2,480 1'54 143 265 •0199 •154 •505 280 •0199 •>54 I'OI 10 1,805 322 32.P°° 22,300 23.500 C 2
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