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Aviation History
1915
1915 - 0217.PDF
MABCH 26, igis. condition to its logical conclusion, or more generally to examine the relation which exists between the appropriate aerofoil camber and the vortex distribution. If we take as our basis for the purpose of illustration the case of uniform camber, at least if we suppose that which we may term the primary camber (Fig. II) to be uniform, we have the appropriate two-dimensional vortex solution ready to hand, for the linear motion impressed on the fluid will be constant throughout the length of the span, and the resulting system will be identical with that due to the normal motion of a plane the equations of which have been solved and the curves of flow plotted, Fig. 16. In the interpretation of this figure it is necessary to suppose an impulsive force applied to the plane, the latter then being with drawn : in reality, the plane must be supposed to move through a short finite distance, and in our problem as it stands the line sons ordinarily understood to be the plane is actually a section of the aerofoil, and its brief motion represents the change taking place as the aerofoil traverses the vertical stratum represented by the plane of the paper. When the aerofoil has passed through the stratum under con sideration, the latter is left without any break in its continuity and with the motion as defined by its stream lines intact. The motion then becomes a vortex system, the core being constituted by the wake of the aerofoil as a vortex sheet or surface of gyra tion, as described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5. The equivalent mass of this particular system is known, it is equal to that of a cylinder of circular section of diameter equal to the width of the plane, i.e., the span of the aerofoil. In oilier words, the peripteral area = wP/4 where / is the span. (To be concluded.) ® ® ® ® AIRCRAFT AND THE, WAR. IN a special cable to the Daily Mail on the 16th from Tenedos, Mr. G. Ward Price, describing the Fleet in the Dardanelles, said:— " There is every kind of craft from the giant " Oueen Elizabeth " to the little trawlers that fish up the mines, two big green and white hospital ships, the waterplane ship " Ark Royal," with her funnel set far aft and a long open foredeck on which waterplanes perch, with two cranes to swing them overboard." A Daily Mail correspondent at Salonica reported under date of March 16th :— " A Bii ish waterplane has fallen, breaking a plane, but the air men escaped with slight injuries. Other waterplanes continue the work of reconnaissance." Mr. Perceval Gibbon, writing to the Daily Chronicle on March 17 th regarding the fighting round Ossowitz, said :— " The Germans, as usual, are very strong in aeroplanes, of which several have been shot down, and one, which is stated not to have been hit, turned over and fell on the radway and was there biown to pieces by the exp'osion of its own bombs." A Daily Telegraph correspondent at Havre, writing on March 17 th, said :— " A Taube, which dropped eleven bombs on Poperinghe, killed eight people including three children, one woman, and two soldiers, whilst twenty persons, of whom seven were ch ldren, were wounded. One of the soldieis had both his legs shattered, and an immediate amputation was deemed necessary." A Daily Chronicle correspondent in Paris reported on March 18th :— " On Tuesday a Taube passed over the village of Dampierre les Bois, in the Belfort district. The only target available was a funeral procession, and on this the German aviator dropped two bombs. Possibly from his altitude he took the procession to bean ammunition convoy. Fortunately the bombs did no damage." The German ''wireless" news of the 18th inst. con tained the following :— "The German Main Headquarters today reports: French air men dropped bombs on the open Alsatian town of Schleitstadt, of which 01 ly one was efftctive, exploding on a school, killing two girls at.d seriously wounding ten As a reply the fortress of Calais was last night bombarded with bombs ol the heaviest type." The Daily Telegraph correspondent at Copenhagen sent the following on the 18th inst. :— "A Zeppelin airship was observed to-day over the Femernbelt, coming trom the east. Thence it pas-ed over Roedby Harbour in Denmark, and disappeared in a westerly direction. It is supposed that it was on its way to the North Sea and England." An Exchange message from Copenhagen on the same date said:— " A Zeppelin was observed to-day from Rodby, in the Baltic, coming from the east and going very high in a westerly direction as if making for Kiel." Writing from Tenedos on March 18th, describing the sinking of the French battleship " Bouvet," a Daily Telegraph correspondent said :— " Just at this juncture a seaplane left the aeroplane ship anchored below us, and flying over the lines of ships, disappeared in the distance up the Straits." The following is taken from the Vossicfie Zeitung of Friday last :— " Great indignation has been aroused amonp the people of Upper Alsace over the raid of a French aviator, who threw bombs on Colmar. On Thursday the aircraft was sighted above Habshcim. The aviator threw bombs at the hangars of the flying corps, but his aim missed. In consequence of the heavy fire directed at him the airman turned in the direction of Altkirch, where he threw more bombs, but damaged nothing." According to a report from Sofia on Saturday, some fifteen German airmen in the service of Turkey have left Constantinople to return to Germany. According to the Danish Poliiiken, Germany has established an extensive flying base on the Island of Sylt, the largest of the North Frisian Islands, fifty miles north-east of Heligoland. The two German airmen who were rescued are evidently young pupils out for their first lengthy trial flight when they met with disaster. The remnants of the machine have been brought to Esbjerg. A Daily Chronicle correspondent at Geneva reported the following on March 21st:— " At Habsheim, near Colmar, three French airmen from Bclfort destroyed two new army Taube machines and four sheds. Several regiments of recruits, who were manoeuvring under staff officers, fled into the forest. One airman, who was flying low at 500 yards, had his- machine riddled with bullets, but all returned safely. Colmar and Habaheim are in Alsace." The following details regarding two British aviators who were said to have landed on Dutch territory and been interned were reported by the Sluis correspondent of the Telegraaf on Sunday:— " At half-past seven yesterday morning they left Calais, flying across Ypres and Ri.ulerson a reconnoitring flight. They had no bombs, and were only armed wtth revolvers. When above Roulers the Germans bombarded them with shrapnel. From Roulers they directed their course to Bruges, and then in an easterly direction along the great Ghent road to Maldeghem. " ' Bullets,' they said, 'zipped around us, but did not reach us. Soon we observed that oar motor was not working properly. There was apparently a defect. We had to choose between lauding on the German or the Dutch side, and naturally endeavoured to cross the frontier.' "The airmen passed over St. Lawrence and St. Margareth till they reached a point between St. Kruis on Dutch territority and Oostbuig. Slowly they came down on a meadow, at about ten o'clock." In the German "wireless" news sent out from Berlin on Sunday, there was the following :— " Main Headquarters reports : " In the we-tern theatre of war an English flying machine was shot down south-east of Ypres. The occupants were taken prisoners." " To emphasise our reply to the misdeeds of the Fr-nch airmen in the open Alsatian town of Schlettstadt more forcibly, a few large bombs were dropped during the night on the fortress of Paris and the railway junction at Compiegne by our airships." 217
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