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Aviation History
1917
1917 - 0887.PDF
AUGUST 30, 1917. Front view of the Nieuport 1 J-plane, Type 17. is narrower than the top. The stern terminates in a vertical rudder post. The top of _the body is covered with a curved turtle-back covered with "fabric. The longitudinal rails of * the body are made of ash, or they may be made of ash in front andof spruce in the rear. The struts and cross members are also made of wood, with the exception of those in front and the engine struts, which are steel tubes, and are spindled out for lightness. The fuselage fittings are of sheet steel with sockets for the struts and lips for the bracing wires. The fittings of the various types indicate that in spite of the extensive use of these machines quantity production and standardisation have not been attained. Altogether the French aeroplanes greatly varying area. The upper planes have two spars, while the lower, the chord of which is much smaller, have only one spar. The angle of incidence of the lower plane is greater, about twice as great as that of the top plane.. The angle of incidence varies considerably with the different types, ranging, for the top plane, from i\° to 3^°. The wings haves a slight dihedral and backward slope, and are furthermore heavily staggered, the middle spar of the lower plane being immediately below the rear spar of the top plane. The . - Nieuport two- seater, Type 12. Motor 110 h.p. Clerget. - • .9m m m * m* m give an impression of being hand-made rather than machine- made, and many parts appeal to the German constructor as being rather a makeshift sort of job. 1 The main loads of the machine are concentrated in a narrow space near the front. That is to say, the motor, fuel tanks and pilot's seat are placed very closely togetbjsr. This good centralisation is, of course, only possible when a rotary motor is employed, and increases the manoeuverability of the aeroplane. The motor is covered with an aluminium cowl. In some types this cowl totally surrounds the engine ; in others it is left open at the bottom. The supporting surfaces are, as already pointed out, of~ lower surface of the wings is nearly flat, while the upper surface is deeply cambered, thus providing a comparatively thick wing section. In some types of Nieuports, ior instance in the two-seater type 15, the top plane has a centre section mounted on a system of struts. The cabane itself varies in its con- struction, but usually consists of four struts. In the types having a top plane centre section this is generally mounted on" six struts. The wing spars are of the box type and are made of spruce. At the points of attachment they are strengthened with wood fillers. The ribs are of the usual construction, the flanges being of ash and the web of lime-wood. Only the mm m Nieuport two- seater, Type 12. THe Vee struts slope outwards. i, m m
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