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Aviation History
1918
1918 - 0682.PDF
JUNE 20. 1918. Fig. 15.—Three-quarter rear view of the de Havilland IV biplane. communication between the occupants there is a speakingtube on the right, and on the left an endless cable passing over rollers in the two cockpits. Behind the observer's seat isthe mounting for the camera with adjoining shelves for the slides. The presence of a wireless outfit could not be ascer-tained in any of the machines. The armament consists cf two interconnected machine guns mounted on a turntable inthe observer's cockpit, and of a fixed machine gun for the pilot mounted on the left of the top covering of the body. Thecontrol of the fixed machine gun is accomplished hydrauli- cally by a control mechanism placed immediately behind theairscrew. This mechanism is driven off a pinion on the hub of the airscrew, and releases two shots for each revolution ofthe airscrew. Firing of the gun is accomplished from the control lever. A spring-controlled hand pump for filling theleads is moui.ted on the floor of the pilot's cockpit. For loading there is either a lever on the gun or a cable runningover a roller, provided with a grip. A telescopic sight is placed to the right under the gun, in front of the rectangularwind screen. As the observer's seat is placed rather far aft a good field of fire is also obtained frcm here in an outwardand forward direction. The bomb gear, judging from the makeshift way in whichthe reiease gear is built, appears to have been added as an after-thought. Bomb racks, either arranged for four smalleror for one large bomb are placed under the lower wings and under the body. The release is accomplished from the pilot'sseat by means of Bowden cable. The cables are either joined at the right of the seat or arranged separately on the outsidesof the body. A sighting arrangement is built into the body immediately behind the rudder bar. It consists of a squareplano-ccncave glass plate, 15 mm. thick at the edges and 5 mm. thick in the centre (see Fig. 12). Underneath thisare three wire rods soldered at right angles to a fourth rod lying in the direction of flight. 17 cm. further down isanother longitudinal rod, and a transverse rod working in longitudinal slots, and which can be locked in place by screws. The weight of the machine empty, but including coolingwater, was ascertained to be 1,110 kg. If the maximum useful load is assumed to be 590 kg. we obtain a total weightof 1,700 kg. As the area is 40.3. sq. m., the loading is 1,700:40.3 =42 kg./sq. m. The load per h.p. 1,700:300= 5.7kg./h.p. Weights.Kilogs. • Kilcgs. . 390.0 . 15.0 MotorExhaust pipes Radiator and waterAirscrew Petrol tanks Oil tank Engine accessories, leads, &cBody with cowl Tail plane—Incidence gear 42.o 28.0 4-5 19.6 175 Body accessories—Seats, &c. .. 8.0 Undercarriage .. 54.0 Tail skid .. 5.0 Controls .. .. 9-5Wings .. .. 209.0 Bracing .. .. 31.0Armament supports 40.0 IIIO.O Crew Armament 12 bombs, about Estimated useful load Weight of wings 2-5 LoadsKilogs. 150.0 73-6 144.0 Kilcgs. Photographic outfit i-o.oWireless arrangement 5.0 Fuel .. .. 205.0 .. 590 Kilogs. .. 5.2 kg. sq.m. 68O Fig. 16.—Control lever in the observer's cockpit of the de Havilland IV biplane. H H H H No Women Pilots Wanted. , ... IT is officially announced that women are not being enrolled by the Air Ministry for training in any branch'^of flying. Aerial Mails in France. ACCORDING to the Petit Journal a proposal to establish two aerial postal ssryices—namely, between Paris and St. Nazaire, and between Paris, Marseilles, and Nice—is under consideration.
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