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Aviation History
1920
1920 - 0419.PDF
A.PKH. 1-5. 192° ram THE JUNKER SINGLE-SEATER ALL-METAL MONOPLANE, TYPE Dl V : • (Concluded from page 396.) Tail Unit THIS portion of the Junker D.I. is particularly interestingand incorporates several novel features. The corrugated, fuselage covering finishes in a vertical plane just in front ofthe tail planes, and a rear body portion is built up integrally with the fixed tail planes.The construction of this tail portion follows the general ' • '. Fig. 15 lines laid down for the front part of the fuselage. Immediately behind the front edge a strong bulkhead is built up, and this frame carries the tail part of the attachments. This bulk- head, No. 8, is clearly shown in Fig. 15, which also shows a horizontal duralumin tube, supported a few inches in front of the bulkhead by means of four channel-section strips, fixed to^the eighth bulkhead, carries threaded steel liners intowhich special hollow nuts screw. This arrangement provides what amounts to a pivot round which the tail portion can beswung (before, of course, the nuts are tightened up). The two lower attachments are really adjustable links—one isdrawn half actual size in Fig. 19. It will be observed that, by means of a left-handed thread and a right-handed one, aconsiderable amount of variation is possible. Since the tail planes are built into the tail portion, it is clearthat the amouut of this variation determines the angle of incidence of the tail planes. The shape of the rear portion givesan excellent streamline finish to the fuselage, and there i» sufficient overlap between the coverings of body and tail-piece to ensure there being no gap at any reasonable setting of the rear portion.* The fixed tail planes have a strong riveted-on leadingedge, to which the corrugated covering is attached. Fig. 20, which serves to amplify this description, shows thatthe corrugations of the covering begin immediately behind the leading edge, which proves that this covering has beenspecially corrugated to suit its specific position, and is not just a piece cut from a larger corrugated sheet. A duraluminspar passes from side to side of the tail in the position shown by several of the photographs. It is a built-up spar, con-sisting of two channel section pieces, connected by two systems of Warren bracing, one on each side. At the rear ofthe tail planes is another channel spar, with its open side pointing rearward, and it is to this spar that the elevator ishinged, by means similar to those already described in con- nection with the aileron. The tail covering is connected tothe fuselage covering by a separate right-angled strip riveted to both. The tail construction is further strengthened by twostrips on each side of the body similar to those used for wing bracing. These are plainly visible in Fig. 20. The single elevator is balanced, and is constructed verysimply. There are no ribs or formers, but the covering is riveted directly to the hinge tube, which passes from end toend of the elevator. Narrow curved strips of duralumin are riveted above and below, and serve to bridge the gap between Fig. 16 Fig. 17 which connect the extremities of the tubes to the bulkhead, two above and two below. It should be borne in mind that this tube, though attached to the eighth former, becomes part of the seventh former when the tail portion is fitted to the body. The ninth and last former is behind No. 8, and a diagram is shown in Fig. 16. It is to the upper portion of this former that the rudder post bearing is riveted. It consists of a bronze bush, about 17 cm. long, which is welded, by means of brazed-on steel collars, to a shaped piece of stout sheet steel, which is, in turn, riveted to the bulkhead. Fig. 17 shows this construction. . . ,,. .-• Junction of Body and TailFig. 18, which is a diagram intended only to show the method of joining, shows the four-point attachment, butomits all details of bulkhead construction, etc. The horizontal duralumin tube mentioned above, as being Fig. 18 elevator and tail planes. The D-shaped leading edge of thetail is carried on along the tips of the elevator, but the trailing edge is composed simply of the upper and lower coveringsriveted together. The tail skid is of ash, with the usual steel shoe. It is > Fig. 19 ^ pivoted near its middle, the pivoting bolt being carried in a strong steel cradle, covered by an aluminium fairing. The shock-absorber is of triple-coil spring, and is attached to each side of thefuselagr, as shown in F,ig. 10. 419
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