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Aviation History
1920
1920 - 0683.PDF
JULY I, 1920 AIR MINISTRY NOTICES Swiss Customs Station for Aircraft IT is hereby notified that:— The mooring place for seaplanes and flying boats at Genevais at the Eaux-Vives, which is on the eastern shore of the Lake of Geneva, and opposite the entrance to the park" La Grange." All such aircraft arriving from or leaving for foreign countries must report to the Customs official at theabove-mentioned mooring place; arrival at or departure from any other place on the Lake of Geneva is strictlyprohibited, and this prohibition is also applicable to arrivals from or departures for the interior of Switzerland. TheCustoms Office Geneve-Lac (Rue de la Scie 7), or the Customs Post Geneve-Lac (Rue de Lac 5), should be advised of anypending arrival from or departure for a foreign country. The above regulations are applicable only to seaplanesand flying boats which descend in the Geneva Consular District; further regulations will be promulgated concerningother Consular districts in Switzerland. The above notice amends A.M. Notice to Airmen No. 38of April 9, 1920 (Notice to Airmen No. 72.) Seaplanes at Plymouth v IT is hereby notified that:— An area extending 200 yards in any direction from Mount Batten Breakwater, Plymouth Harbour, is kept clear of all small surface craft in order that seaplanes and flying boats may manoeuvre in this area; ' (.Notice to Airmen No. 73.) • ' ' ' ' ' ' : H E Navigation Stations , -." : >; ^ - IT is hereby notified that:— The following directional finding Navigation Stations have been established in France:— . . Call " »'" Station. , . Signal. 'Lat. N. Long. 1 31 W. 0 25 W. 4 35 W. 4 27 W. 7 34 W. 2 18 W. 1 36 W. 0 07 E. 3 21 W. 5 06 W. 4 44 W. 1 00 W. 3 14 W. * Brest-Capucins answers FFK. ••__.'. • t Casablanca-Chetaba answers CNP. , *. j Ouessant- Pen ar Roch answers FFF. The regulations for French D.F. Stations are similar to those of the United Kingdom. R.N. Directional Navigation Stations in Great Britain were notified in Notice to Airmen No. 64. (Notice to Airmen No. 74) . « Barre de l'Adour..Bernieres Brest-Capucins* Brest-Guipavas .. Casablanca-Chetabaf ChemoulinCherbourg Le Havre..Lorient Ouessant-Pen ar RochJ .. Pointe du RazRochefort-Soubise Treguier FLO UHN HUD FHA FCH FUHFFC FFU FFL FHY FPU HOB FQC 43 4948 48 33 47 49 49 4748 48 4548 32 20 19 27 35 14 37 32 44 26 02 56 5° AVIATION IN GERMANY ALTHOUGH it makes a somewhat belated appearance, the report on Industrial and Commercial Conditions in Germany at the close of the year 1919, is valuable as showing that conditions in Germany are not always as they seem to be to certain sections of the Press. The following is the section of the report dealing with aviation :— 1. The German Government and German industry have realised that commercial aviation is in too early a stage to be nationalised, and they have decided to leave its develop- ment to private enterprise, possibly aided by Government subsidies. The general view seems to be that aviation can only be made to pay in course of time if it is run on abso- lutely international lines, and for this reason the Government will probably take over aerodromes in suitable localities and go to considerable trouble and expense in providing them with up-to-date equipment so as to attract trans- continental aerial traffic. Germany favours the plan of the erection of a large aviation station a$d harbour on the Zuider Sea as a junction for North European aerial traffic in the construction of which it hopes its specialised industries will be able to participate. 2. Since October i, 1919, a special department has been formed in the Ministry of Transport (Reichsverkehrsministerium) for dealing with questions of aviation and motoring (Reichsamt fur Luft-und Kraftfahrwesen). This department will have the duty of organising the official automobile and aviation services and drawing up the rules and regulations for civilian motoring and flying. 3. An attempt is being made to consolidate German commercial aviation and to assure the adoption of a uniform policy by the creation of a " Union of Aerodromes and Aerial Transport Concerns." The movement was originated by Major von Tschudi, who took a promine|.t part in aviation staff work during the War, and aims at uniting in one body towns and concerns which own aerodromes, aerial transport companies and aircraft constructors. The statutes are being worked-out by a committee chosen at the inaugural meeting. 4. The actual flying done since the Armistice has naturally been small, as fuel could only be obtained with the greatest difficulty; apart from a few lines for aerial post which attempted to maintain a regular service, flights were only undertaken to order. The most consistent performance was put up by the small airship " Bodensee," built on the Zeppelin principle and owned by the " Deutsche Luftreederei," which is the aviation department of the Hamburg-America-Line. The airship carried out just over 100 flights between August 25 and December 2, nearly all on the route Berlin-Friedrichshafen^ During this period it covered 50,000 km., and carried 2,322 passengers and 28,845 kg. of luggage. It is being recon- structed and enlarged during December and January, and is to commence flying again in February, 1920. The same company also maintained an aerial postal service during the first half of the year, but it had to be abandoned on August 1 owing to the impossibility of pro- curing petrol. The service began on February 5, 1919, on the line Berlin-Weimar, and was gradually extended to Leipzig, Hamburg, Brunswick, Hanover, Gelsenkirchen, Warnemunde, Swinemunde and Westerland on the island of Sylt. During the six months 1,430 out of 1,532 flights (93.3 per cent.) were accomplished successfully, 4.7 per cent, had to be interrupted for technical or meteorological reasons, and only 2 per cent, had to be abandoned owing to the weather. 556,155 km. were flown, 1,574 passengers were carried, and 57,081 kg. of newspapers, 20,963 kg. of letters and 5,098 kg. of parcels transported. During the partial stoppage of railway traffic in November a temporary revival of the service took place on the lines Berlin-Leipzig and Berlin-Breslau ; the Rumpler works also employed 30 machines in passenger traffic during this period, chiefly on the lines Berlin-Leipzig and Berlin-Augsbnrg- Munich. Aerial services were also planned between Munich-Nurem- berg - Leipzig, Munich - Wiirzburg - Frankfort - on - Main and Munich-Vienna (by the Bavarian Air Lloyd) -and Berlin- Copenhagen and Berlin-Dresden-Prague (by a Saxon com- pany), but if they ever materialised at all it was only for a short time. In January, 1920, the aerial post was resumed on a limited scale, and the Deutsche Luftreederei is running a service of hydroplanes from Sassnitz to Warnemunde as a link in the journey between Hamburg and Sweden. 5. Aircraft construction has of necessity been confined to a minimum, partly on account of the shortage of all necessary materials, partly owing to the general impoverished state of the country, and partly to the uncertainty as to the interpretation of the terms of the peace treaty. Little has been done beyond the building of new types for experimental purposes, and of a second Zeppelin like the " Bodensee." In September the Automobil u. Aviatik A. G. at Leipzig had completed a large machine with a span of 43.5 m., length of 22.5 m. and a height of 6.5 m. It has four Benz motors, two of 250 h.p. and two of 500 h.p., and can carry 18 passengers with luggage, in addition to a crew of 6, and fuel for 8-10 hours at an average speed of 125 km. per hour. The Junkers company in Dessau have brought out a interesting type of monoplane made almost exclusively of metal and without any wiring or struts. It has a radius of 3 to 6 hours with 6 and 4 passengers respectively at an 683
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