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Aviation History
1920
1920 - 0923.PDF
AUGUST 26. 1920 AIR MINISTRY NOTICES Fixed Balloon at Crystal Palace ; ;:*'•**;**"' IT is hereby notified :— Pilots are warned that a fixed balloon will be flown until October 31 from the grounds of the Crystal Palace, 5 miles N.N.E. from Croydon Aerodrome. (Notice to Airmen No. 87.) Hourly Meteorological Reports x~ ' IT is hereby notified :— 1. Since August 2, 1920, the hourly reports of meteoro- logical information, prepared by the Forecast Service of the Meteorological Office, and issued by W/T from the Air Ministry (Croydon), are being sent in a modified code, of which particulars are given below. The essential features of the code are the same as those for Collective Station Reports of Class 3 of Annex G of the Convention for International Air Navigation (Paris, 1919), but the following modifications are noted :— (i) The figures for fitness for flying (Fi, F2) are replaced by figures reporting direction and approximate speed of the low cloud. (ii) The separate codes for high, or medium, and low cloud have been replaced by a single code in which clouds are grouped, but no change is made in the number of figures allocated to cloud reports. (iii) An additional group has been added to provide for the inclusion of information available only occasionally or at sea coast stations. This group includes more precise specification of the height of the base of the low cloud when it is below 1,000 ft. It includes also the character of the swell' and sea disturbance, and the visibility toward the sea, as distinguished from the visibility landward. (iv) The direction of the surface wind is reported on the scale 0-32, and not as hitherto on the scale 0-72. 2. Reports are issued daily, Sundays included, according to the following schedule :— Wave length .. .. 900 metres Nature of transmission .. Continuous wave Call Sign .. .. G.E.D. Times of issue 0735 G.M.T. giving observations for 0700 G.M.T. " ., 0835 ,, „ ,, ,, 0800 O935 i°35 "35 1235 1335 1435 1535 1635 0900 1000 1100 1260 1300 1400 1500 1600 3. After the call sign G.E.D. comes the word "METEOR," indicating that a meteorological message is being transmitted. This is followed by one 4-figure group, giving the hour (G.M.T.) at which the observations were made ; this time group is in turn followed by station index letters and figure groups giving the conditions at the following stations :— Index letters Station .. FXT .. , .. .. Felixtowe CDN .. . . .. Croydon BGL .. .. . . Biggin Hill LMP .. .. . . Lympne - BCD .;. .. .. BeachyHead DNS .. .» .. Dungeness ~- BOTLEY .. .. BotleyHill (NorthDowns) 4. The letters DNS, when included, will be followed by a figure giving the Channel visibility at Dungeness. The Channel visibility at Hythe is given as the last figure of the fourth group of the report for LMP (Lympne), and the Channel visibility at Beachy Head is given as the last figure of the fourth group of the report for BCD (Beachy Head). 5. The word " BOTLEY " is followed by a statement in plain language of the conditions on the North Downs as viewed from Biggin Hill, when such a statement adds material information to that contained in the rest of the message. 6. At the end of the message a short forecast is given in plain language of the changes in the weather conditions anticipated in the. period of daylight following the time of issue. This begins with the word " FORECAST." If there Air Force Courts Martial RulesTHE Air Ministry has given the usual notice in the London Gazette of "The Rules of Procedure (Air Force), 1920,"which will govern the administration of Courts Martial in is no reason to modify the forecast sent in the preceding message the words " Forecast unaltered " are sent. 7. The complete results of a pilot baloon ascent at Croydon or Lympne, when available, are inserted in the message at 0835 immediately before the forecast referred to in paragraph 6. This part of the message is preceded by the index letters of the station and by the five-figure index group 49860. 8. Copies of the detailed codes are to be found in Con- vention relating to International Air Navigation, Paris, 1919 (Command Paper 266), which can be obtained from H.M. Stationery Office. Copies of the additional codes mentioned in paragraph 1 (i), (ii), and (iii), can be obtained on application to the Director, Meteorological Office, Air Ministry, Kingsway, W.C. 2. 9. French reports similar to the above are issued from Le Bourget (call sign ZM, wave length 900 m., continuous wave) at the following times (G.M.T.) :— 0730, giving observations for 0700 0930 ,, ,, ,, 0900 1030 ,, ,, ,, 1000 * • I 1230 ,, ,, ,, 1200 133° .. .- .- I3°° 1530 ., „ ,, 1500 1830 ,, _ ,, . ,, 1800 These reports include observations from the following stations:— Le Bourget (Index Group P.i) St. Inglevert ( ,, „ P.2) Abbeville ( ,, ,, P.3) Maubeuge ( ,, „ P.4) Havre •( ,, ,, P.5) The code used is identical with that in which the collective reports for S.E. England are sent, except that in the codes for present and past weather (WW and WW in the third group) only a selection of the numbers in S.E. England code is employed. In addition, a special message is sent at 09-45 (G.M.T.), giving the upper wind at Le Bourget at 08 • 00 in the code: Sernae HHHH PI Pilot DDVV DDVV DDVV DDVV DDVV, where HHHH - Time of message, DD =• Direction of wind on the scale 1 to 72 points, VV ~ Speed of wind in metres per second, the five groups DDVV referring to the wind -at heights of 500 metres (1,500 ft.), 1,000 metres (3,000 ft.), 1,500 metres (5,000 ft.), 2,000 metres (7,000 ft.), and 3,000 metres (10,000 ft.). Authority for Clause 9—French "Notice to Airmen" No. 10. (Notice to Airmen No. 88.) Lizard Wireless Direction Finding Station THE Lizard Wireless Direction Finding Station ceased to be in operation from midnight (G.M.T.), August 22-23, and will not function until further notice. The position of this stationisLat. 49°59'O7"N., Long. 50 I2'I8"W. Authority : The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty (Notice to Mariners 1300 of 1920). (Notice to Airmen No. 89.) Cloud and Visibility Signals at Lympne Aerodrome A SYSTEM of ground signals has been established at ., Lympne Aerodrome to denote to pilots the height of clouds above and visibility at Biggin Hill and Croydon Aerodromes. The stations will be denoted by letters, B. representing Biggin Hill, and C. representing Croydon. The height of clouds and visibility will be indicated by numerals. All signals are white. Height of clouds will be denoted by the following numerals : 1 = o to 200 feet; 2 = From 200 to 500 feet; 3 = Over 500 feet. These signals represent the height of clouds above the respective aerodromes and not above sea level. ' Visibility will be shown in a similar way, viz.:—1 = Below 500 yards ; 2 = 500 to 1,000 yards ; 3 = Over 1,000 yards. The signals are always displayed in the following order:— (l) Station ; (2) Height of clouds ; (3) Visibility ; e.g., B. 1 2, or C. 2 3. The signals are situated approximately 30 yards east of the Office of the Civil Aviation Traffic Officer and 140 yards west of the Compass Base. They are so placed as to be read the right way up when flying in a north-westerly direction. (Notice to Airmen No. 90.) ..,.••"* - the Air Force. Copies of the proposed rules can be obtainedby any public body on payment of 3s. per copy before Sep- tember 26, by application to the Secretary, Air Ministry,Kingsway, W.C.2. 925
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