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Aviation History
1921
1921 - 0827.PDF
DECEMBER 15, 1921 STATIC RADIAL AIR-COOLED ENGINES By ROY FEDDEN A VERY interesting paper under above title was presented by Mr. Roy Fedden, the designer of the famous Bristol " Jupiter " aero engine, before the International Air Congress held in Paris concurrently with the Aero Show. The paper, unfor- tunately, is too long to make it possible for us to reproduce it in full, much as we should have liked to do so, but the following resumi and extracts will, it is hoped, deal with the main points raised by Mr. Fedden. In his introductory remarks Mr. Fedden dealt with the previous history of radial air- cooled engines, mentioning as examples of pre- War types the Anzanis and R.E.P. fan engines. Although used in considerable numbers, these with better efficiency. The most promising type to fill these requirements was a 300-400 h.p. static air-cooled radial. Mr. Fedden then referred to several types which were de- veloped during 1917 and 1918, but pointed out that these engines did not come up to the best water-cooled, either in reliability or efficiency. Thus at the end of the War the position of the large static air-cooled radial was somewhat ambiguous. Its great possibilities were realised, and there R.RM. Fig. 1.—Type-test power curves of " Jupiter "engine. Fig. 4.—Three-quarter front view of Bristol " Jupiter " engine. engines, he pointed out, had somewhat low mean effective pressures and efficiencies, and weighed some four or five lbs. per horse-power. For a time the radial was supplanted by the light air-cooled rotaries, but when the practical limit of that type had been reached, a demand arose for an engine with the same characteristics of manoeuvrability, compact- ness and light weight as the rotary, but of higher power and was a definite sphere of usefulness for it, if only the type could be really proved out. The Advantages of the Air-Cooled Radial Mr. Fedden pointed out that a light engine is at least asimportant for commercial work as it is for the military machine. For powers ranging from 300 to 600 h.p., and Figs. 2 and 3.—Main engine test bed, and single cylinder test bed for " Jupiter " engine. 827
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