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Aviation History
1923
1923 - 0493.PDF
AUGUST 16, 1923 four bolts. In order to remove the wing, the machine isplaced on trestles, and the rear undercarriage struts are cast off—quick-release attachments being provided—when thewing bolts can be undone and the wing dropped out of its notches. The Siemens radial engine is neatly cowled-in, and a some-what' elaborate arrangement has been adopted for the exhaust collector ring. As the accompanying sketch shows, theexhaust pipes (there is but one exhaust valve per cylinder, although the valve cage is fitted with two ports) are welded upinto the form of a letter Y, the foot of the letter being taken into the exhaust collector ring tangentially. A single longexhaust pipe on the starboard side carries the gases back clear of the pilot. The object of the arrangement evidently is togive the exhaust gases a circular movement inside the collector, from which they are then flung off tangentially through thepipe. Whether or not the arrangement does in fact produce this result we do not know. As a piece of welding theapparatus must be somewhat tricky, although the Germans are, of course, experts where oxy-acetylene welding is con-cerned. Whatever the effect on the engine of this exhaust arrangement, there is little doubt that it does keep the machineclean, and in this respect the Udet must be in marked contrast to the majority of the other German machines exhibited,which have in most cases merely short exhaust pipes, a few inches long, from each cylinder, and must necessarilythrow back a lot of dirty oil on to the machine and occupants. The undercarriage, as in previous Udet machines, is fairlyhigh so as to give a large angle of incidence when the machine is standing on the ground, thus giving a quick pull-up onlanding. This precaution is probably necessary on account loaded weight of 525 kgs. (1,160 lbs.). The speed is stated tobe 150 kms. (93 m.p.h.). Sufficient fuel can be carried for a duration of five hours' flying. ; • The Dutch Section HOLLAND was represented at I.L.U.G. by one firm only, the N.V. Nederlandsche Vlicgtuigenfabriek of Amsterdam. In addition to two complete aeroplanes and the all-Duralumin hull of a new Fokker flying boat, a number of scale models of the long series of Fokker machines produced during recent years were exhibited. Some of these models represented types to which we hope to make detailed reference at a future date. At present we must confine ourselves to the two types ex- hibited full scale. The Fokker CIV is a two-seater fighter and recon-naissance biplane, fitted with either a 450 h.p. Napier " Lion " or a 400 h.p. Liberty. As exhibited at I.L.IT.G. the CIV wasfitted with the Liberty engine. The machine, which follows usual Fokker practice, is chiefly remarkable foi the fact that,in spite of its considerable size, it is a cantilever biplane with no lift and anti-lift bracing, but with a pair of " N " interplanestruts used principally to stiffen the wings against torsion. The main advantage of the cantilever biplane arrangement infhis particular type would seem to be that it is possible to give the wings a pronounced stagger, thus improving the view.In a biplane whose wings depended upon external bracing, the introduction of the same amount of stagger would probablyinvolve quite considerable structural difficulties. That the cantilever wings must necessarily be heavier than those withexternal bracing will be realised when it is remembered that what has, in effect, been done in the cantilever wing is toreduce the spacing from something like one chord length to EHSHHHSH The Fokker CIV: Three - quarter front view. of the high wing loading employed (9.8 lbs. per sq. ft.), whichseems unnecessarily heavy for a sporting type of machine. The Udet 1923 type monoplane two-seater has an overalllength of 5.9 m. (19 ft. 4 ins.), a span of 9.8 m. (32 ft. 1 in.), and a height over fuselage fairing of 1.95 m. (6 ft. 5 ins.).The wing area is approximately 118 sq. ft., including ailerons. The empty weight of the machine is 300 kgs. (660 lbs.) andthe permissible useful load is 225 kgs. (500 lbs.), giving a total the thickness of the section used, i.e., in the neighbourhood ofone-tenth chord length. Nevertheless, Mijnheer Fokker would scarcely retain the cantilever without good and sufficientreason, and the main reason, it appears to us, must have been that he wished to incorporate a large stagger. Structurally the Fokker CIV follows usual Fokker piactice.That is to say, the fuselage is of the well-known Fokker type of tubulai welded construction. In this country we do not HSHHHHHE 13 m •••••• . . • H • • •' H H H 13 H H The Fokker CIV: Three - quarter rear view. E H E H m
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