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Aviation History
1924
1924 - 0273.PDF
MAY 15, 1924 THE FIAT "C.R.," "R.S." AND "B.R." BIPLANES "WE give below some brief particulars of three recent Italian biplanes constructed by the Fiat Co., of Turin. All three are military machines possessing more or less distinctive features. The Fiat " C.R. " is a single seater fighter, having a 300 h.p. Hispano-Suiza type 42 engine, fitted with two machine guns firing forward through the air screw. The principal features of this machine are its high speed, ease of control, The outer wing bracing is of the rigid triangular, or Warren, type, consisting of three pairs of oval-section steel interplane struts each side of the fuselage and two " N's," also of steel tube, from the fuselage itself. The only external wire bracing employed in the wing cellule is to be found in the incidence wires between the outer struts. There is no dihedral angle to the upper plane, but the lower is set at about 2\°. Two views of the Fiat " C.R." single-seater fighter, 300 h.p. Hispano-Suiza. manoeuvrability and, owing to the wing arrangement, good visibility. Perhaps the most distinctive characteristic of the " C.R. " is the arrangement of the wings. As may be seen from the accompanying illustration, the top plane is of shorter span than the lower plane in' addition to being staggered forward 15°. Both, however, are of the same chord. Upper and lower planes are in two sections, the two upper ones being joined at the centre to short cabanes on the top of the fuselage, and the lower ones being attached direct to the lower longerons of the fuselage. A small service petrol tank is mounted in between the junction of the upper plane sections. Ailerons are fitted to the lower planes only, and these are of the un balanced type, hinged to the rear spars of the plane. The horizontal stabilizer, of triangular plan form, is of somewhat small dimensions, and is mounted well above the line of thrust. To it is hinged divided elevators, while the rudder is hinged to the triangular vertical fin mounted on the top of the fuselage ; both rudder and elevators are unbalanced. Of excellent streamline form, the fuselage is a combination of metal and wood construction. It is of rectangular section, with rounded top, tapering from a fairly deep section at the pilot's cockpit to a vertical knife-edge at the rear. The pilot's cockpit is located at the trailing edge of the top plane, the pilot's forward line of vision being slightly below the level of the top plane. A streamline fairing is provided behind the pilot's head. ^ TOP. SPAN BOT. SPAN . LENGTH... CHORD WING AREA 10 FEET 3 METRES FIAT'CR" SINGLE SEATER FIGHTER 300H3 HISPANO-SUIZA THE FIAT "C.R." SINGLE-SEATER FIGHTER: General arrangement drawings to scale. 273 C 2
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