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Aviation History
1926
1926 - 0826.PDF
NOVE1I3ER 11, 1926 THE EFFECT OF REDUCED INTAKE-AIR PRESSURE AND OF HYDROGEN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A SOLID-INJECTION OIL ENGINE. THE paper under above title, read by Mr. F. G. Mucklowbefore a joint meeting of the Royal Aeronautical Society and the Institution of Automobile Engineers on November 4,1926, was one of very great interest in view of the develop- ments now going on. In his paper Mr. Mucklow dealt with experiments carriedout in the engineering laboratories of the University of Manchester on a Crossley solid-injection oil engine in whichsmall quantities of hydrogen or coal gas were introduced along with the air supply to the engine. Three series of trials were run with hydrogen, each at adifferent load, namely, 53-4, 39-4, and 24-4 b.h.p. The maximum amount of hydrogen used was slightly more than3 per cent, by volume of the air supply, corresponding, at the lightest load, to some 14 per cent, by weight of the oilfuel supply. Three corresponding series of trials were run using coal gasin place of hydrogen, the maximum volume of gas employed being 5 per cent, of the air supply. At the lightest load, thiscorresponded to approximately 2-4 times the weight of fuel oil used. The lecturer arrived at the conclusion that such quantitiesof hydrogen or coal gas could be used satisfactorily in the type of engine considered. No trouble was experienced dueto pre-ignition or other causes, and the engine appeared to run more sweetly when gas was being used. When running at constant load and speed, the admissionof small quantities of gas appeared to cause combustion to take place at a slower rate, giving a lower maximum pressureand more burning down the expansion stroke. The thermal efficiency was in consequence slightly reduced, while the heatlosses to exhaust were increased. LIGHT 'PLANE CLUB DOINGS London Aeroplane ClubTHE total flying time for the week was 35 hrs. 15 mius. The following members had dual instruction : G. C. Bonner, T. C. Sharwood, F. Clarkson,G. H. Saxou Milk, E. J. B. King, Miss Fletcher, D. H. P. Esler, B. Lester, H. Spooner, M. P. Susman, H. Solomon, L. G. Sykes, Lady Bailey, H. H.Samuelson, E. E. Shaw, Miss O'Brien, A. J, Richardson, K. A. St. John, V. H. Doree, K. L. Preston, E. A. Lingard. VV. J. S. McLeod, J. L. Gardner,E. S. Brough, G. H. B. Maddocks. The following made solo flights : Lady Bailey, L. J. C. Mitchell, W. Hay,W. J. S. McLeod, E. £. Brough, Miss O'Brien, H. Petre, H. Kennedy, E. L. 0. Baddeley, N. Jones, K. V. Wright, Sqdn.-Ldr. M. E. A. Wright, Maj. K. M.Beaumont, N. J. Hulbert, D. H. P. Esler, G. H. Craig, A. R. Ogston, G. Terrell. The following members had joy-rides : E. H. Walker, W. E. P. Johnson,G. H. Craig, Miss Spooner, G. F. Wilson, Mrs. McKay, K. G. Gallien. On Sunday, November 7, K. V. Wright passed the tests for his aviator'scertificate. On Wednesday, November 3, R. L. Preston, about to start on a solo flight, taxied into a ditch, causing slight damage to G-EBNP. The Hampshire Aeroplane Club Report lor week ending October 28 :—Total flying time, 12 hrs. 26 mins.;instruction flying, 5 hrs. 40 mius. ; passenger flying, 3(1 mins. ; solo flying, 6 hrs. 16 mins.The following members received instruction flights : Messrs. Southcliffe, 1 hr. S mins. ; Bailey, 1 hr. 10 mins. ; Lieut. Graham, R.N., I hr. ; MissHome, 45 mins. ; Messrs. Bound, 30 mins. ; Cooper, 25 mins. ; Westbrook, 15 mins. ; Bishop, 15 mins. ; Moloney, 15 mins.Mrs. C. B. Fry received 30 mins. joy-ride. The following members flew solo : Flying Officer Clarkson, 3 hrs. 55 mins. ;Perfect, 53 mins.; Lieut. Musselwhite, 46 mins.; Lieut. Kennedy, R.N., 30 mins. ; Mr. Fry, 12 mins. Report for week ending November 4 :—Total flying time for the week,6 hrs. 25 mins. Instruction flying, 3 hrs. ; passenger flying, 1 hr. 42 ruins. ; solo flying, 1 hr. 43 mins.The following members received instruction : Messrs. Shepherd, 30 mins. ; Bound, 25 mins. ; Dickson, 25 mins. ; Stokes, 25 mins. ; Applcford, 20 mins. ;Cooper, 15 mills. ; Courtney, 15 mins.; Rumble, !H mins.; Westbrco'c, 10 mins.Th2 following members received joy-rides : Miss Fry, Miss Manning, Capt. Lamplugh, and Mr. Stanford. The soloists were : Messrs. Simmonds, 40 mins. ; Perfect, 20 mins. ; Fry,18 mins. ; Rumble, 10 mins. ; Bowen, 5 mins. ; and Flying Officer Clarkson, 10 mins. Lancashire Aero ClubREPOKT for week ending October 29 :—Total flying time, 20 hrs. 5 mins., made up as follows : —Dual with Messrs. Brown and Cantrill: Messrs. Blagden, 1 hr. 35 mins.; HindJey, 1 hr. 15 mius.; Abdalla, 1 hr. 10 mins.; Leigh and Costa, I hr.each ; Twemlow and Gattrell, 50 mins. each ; Anderson, 40 mins. ; Shiers, 30 mins. ; Barnes, 30 mins. ; Whittaker, Cohen, Nelson, Dobson and MissBrown, 20 mins. each; Miss Emery, 15 mins.; Mr. Micheisen, 15 mins. ; Messrs. Goodyear and Hardy, 10 mins. each. Solo : Messrs. Costa, 3 hrs. 20 mins. ; Hardy, 30 mins. ; Lacayo, 20 mins. ;Agar, 20 mills. ; Leeming, 10 mins. Joy-rides with Messrs. Brown, Cantrill and Leeming, I hr. 30 mins. Tests,1 hr. 30 mins. The trades union spirit has been manifesting itself in the club during thepast few weeks. Two flying members, who between them carry most of the joy-ride passengers on Sunday afternoons, have entirely different styles ofpilotage. One likes to float about the atmosphere in a series of gentle cart- wheels and half-rolls, ending up with a spinning mse-dive and a side-sliplanding. The other (who has both a strong head and a strong stomach) is at his happiest when doing a vertical tail-slide stall, or stirring the porridgewhile on the top of a loop, both of which No. 1 pilot loathes. An agreement has therefore been concluded between them whereby any joy-riders askingfor '• fore-and-aft " stunts shall be handed over to No. 2 pilot, while all those requiring " lateral " stunts shall go with No. 1 pilot. One may add that asuggestion by the lattir to the effect that " hoppity-hoppit'y" landings might appropriately be considered as " fore-and-aft " stunts was met withdignified silence. Report for week ending November 6 :—Total flying time, 21 hrs. 45 mins.made up as follows :— ' Dual with Messrs, Blown, Cantrill, and Scholes : Messrs. Blagden, 1 hr.55 mius. ; Twemlow, 1 hr. 20 mins. ; Cohen and Hindley, 1 hr. 5 mins. ; Abdalla and Newton, 45 mins. ; Dobson and Shiers, 40 mins. ; Wood and Miss Brown, 35 mins. ; Hardy, 30 mins. ; Moore, 25 mins. ; Nelson, 25 mins. ;Miss Emery, 25 jnins. ; Messrs. Crosthwaite and Anderson, 20 mins. ; Good- year, Dickinson, Powell and Forshaw, 15 mins.; Hardy, Lacayo, Pitman,Williams and Hargreaves, 10 mins. Solo : Messrs. Michelson, 1 hr. 10 mins. ; Costa, 45 mins. Agar, 25 mins.Williams, 15 mins. Joy-rides.—With Mr. Leeming: Messrs. Colwell, 30 mins.; Swindells15 mins. With Mr. Larayo : Messrs. Benson, 1 hr. 35 mins. : Hartley, 30 mins. ; Sivery, 30 mins. ; Nelson, 20 mins. With Mr, Williams ; Mr.Cantrill, 10 mins. Tests, 1 Sr. 3(1 mills. Tne weather has been normal throughout, with gales, rain, and fog predomi-nating in turn. Midland Aero Club, Ltd. REPORT for week ending November 6.—Owing to very bad weatherflying was only possible on three days. Total flying time, 4 hrs. 5 mins. The following members were given dual instruction : J. Brinton, C. Fellows.The following members made solo flights : G. V. Perry, J. Brinton, E. J. Brighton. Newcastle-upon-Tyne Aero Club MR. PARKINSON is still enjoying his rest from flying by spending histime at the aerodrome superintending the flying of members of the club. It is not yet decided who shall take him up for " a few landings " on thecompletion of his four weeks on the ground, but no doubt the matter will have to be considered shortly. There should be a good attendance of memberswho only fly occasionally to witness this event. The total flying time for the week ending November 7 was 14 hrs. 40 min.4 hrs. 45 mins. of this being flown on Sunday. The following members flew solo and with passengers : Lord Ossulstonwith Miss Leathart, Mr. Wardill and Mr. Matbews ; Mr. N. S. Todd with Mr. Stawart, Mr. Bruce and Mr. Turnbnll.Mr. Irving put in a lot of solo flying, and will carry out the tests for his licence as soon as weather conditions permit of the height tests. Mr. Mathewshas also flown frequently alone. Dr. Dixon flew with Mrs. Marcks and Mr. Phillips. Mr. Phillips too kcharge of the machine on some occasions. As these members always fly together, it is seldom certain who is actually the pilot.Mr. Heppell flew with Mr. Kennedy as passenger. Mr. Kennedy also flew with Mr. Ellis. Mr. C. Thompson took up Mr. Osborne and Mr. Thompson. Mr. H. Ellis completed his tests on November 1. It was a very clear butcold day, and Mr. Ellis flew well and his judgment for landings, etc., was excellent. Yorkshire Aeroplane Club, Ltd.REPORT for the week ending November 5.— Total flying time 7 hrs. 55 mins. as follows : —Solo flying, 1 hr. 30 mins. ; dual instruction, 6 hrs. 5 mins. ; and joy rides, 20 mins. Flying was only possible on three days out of the week, 24 flightsbeing accomplished in all. The following members flew solo : Messrs. Dawson, L. S. Wood, Lax andWatson. The following were given dual instruction : Messrs. Batcock, Brown, Dawson, L. S. Gratwick. Harvey, Mann, Oglesby, Watson, Wils-cn,Captain Beaumont and Miss Woodhead. In spite of the weather conditions Messrs. Watson and Dawson werelaunched solo during the week. Both put up a very good show, and should develop into really useful pilots. Miss Woodhead and Mr. Mann will shortlybe launched. Mr. Rimmer has now left us, the more hurriedly because Captain Westtook him up on " LS " on Saturday and suffered a forced landing with a choked jet. Mr. Rimmer, a little distraught, got out of the machine, wentback to the aerodrome, flew away in his Avro, and has not been seen since. Mr. Wood has done one loop. The significance of this lies in the fact thathe did not, as hitherto, inadvertently perform a second loop while pulling out of the first,We wish to offer our most hearty congratulations and good wishes to Messrs. Stack and Leete of the Lancashire Club on the very difficult andsporting trip that they are taking on. We are particularly interested in this venture as we realise we are supplying equipment for the trip to the extentof one wheel and one cylinder head, which the most urgent personal appeals have failed to produce at Sherburn. However, the thought that our whee 1should be well on the way to Karachi reconciles us to the sight of G-EBNN resting in a corner of the hangar with chocks delicately arranged below theaxle. May the seatings stick to the head and the spokes to the rim, and thevery best of luck go with them both ! 734
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