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Aviation History
1927
1927 - 0458.PDF
Minister of Commerce and Industry. This Directorate com- prises three sections—aircraft construction, airways and communications, and personnel and accounts. The three outside establishments of the Under-Secretariat, the Service de la Navigation Aerienne, the Service des Fabrications de l'Aeronautique, and the Service Tecnique d l'Aeronautique have been reduced to two—the former and latter. While the total vote for Civil Aviation for 1926 (142,679,190 fr.) was reduced by about 10,000,000 fr., as compared with 1925, the subsidy vote was larger, 60,500,000 fr. (as against 51,610,000 fr.) being allotted to air transport companies. The total mileage flown in 1926 was 3,243,900, and the num- ber of passengers carried 18,861 (by stages), or 4,096,050 passenger-miles. Goods and mails carried came out at 1,636-5 tons (by stages), or 340,460 ton-miles. As regards services operated, as the result of an agreement signed with Germany in May, a daily service was opened between Paris and Berlin, via Cologne and Essen, which was run jointly by the French Compagnie Generale de Transport Aenens and the German Lufthansa. It was made possible, also, to resume the C.I.D.N.A. service between Paris, Warsaw and Constantinople, via Strasburg and Prague, with inter- mediary landings in Germany at Nuremburg and Breslau. In addition to the Paris-Berlin service, the following service was operated by the same company :—Paris Brussels- Amsterdam, connecting with the Swedish Aero-Transport service to Hamburg, Copenhagen and Malmo, while the first named service also connected at Cologne with the Copenhagen and Malmo service operated by the Danish company, Dit Danske Luftfartselskab. For the first time the Latecoere company in 1926 carried passengers on its Casablanca-Dakar, and Alicante-Oren routes, and also proceeded with the development of its pro- posed service to South America. The Cie. Air Union, in addition to its usual Paris-London service, opened on June 1 a service from London to Marseilles via Paris and Lyons, with a branch line from Lyons to Geneva. This company also took over the Antibes-Ajaccio route, hitherto operated by Cie. Aeronavale, on the amalgamation of the two companies. Another French company, Cie. Aerienne France-Algeria, operated an experimental seaplane service (500 miles) between Marseilles and Algiers, while the Cie. Messageries Transaeriennes revived a scheme for a seaplane service between Marseilles and Alexandretta (Syria), via Corfu and Athens, for which the French Government is providing a subsidy of 1,500,000 fr. for the preliminary work this year. Austria.—Complete statistics for 1926 for this country are not available, but it is stated that there was a considerable improvement in 1926 traffic as compared with 1925. The following services were operated during 1926:—Vienna- Budapest ; Vienna-Graz-Klagenfurt-Venice ; Budapest-Graz ; Vienna-Innsbruck. These services were operated by the •Oesterreichische Luftverkehrs A.G., in conjunction with Lufthansa and the Italian Soc. Transadriatica. Belgium.—The Belgian S.A.B.E.N.A., in April of 1926, opened a daily service between Brussels and London, via Ostend, until the winter. The same company's air route in Belgian Congo (N'Gule (Kansenia)-Kinshara-Boma), showed increasing success in its operation. During the first eight months of 1926 a total distance of 54,100 miles was flown, and 491 passengers, about 25 tons of mails, and 1J tons of goods were carried. Czechoslovakia.—While the number of miles flown on the State air. nes during 1926 (148,125) was less than in 1925 75,760), the number of passengers carried was 148,125 as against 604 in 1925. The amount of goods carried (11 tons) was also less, but mails increased from -48 tons to 2-8 tons. The State air lines include Prague-Bratislava-Kosice, and a new service between Prague and Brno. The Prague-Marienbad route was operated as usual by the "Aero " Co., the figures for 1926 over this section being :—miles flown, 22,770 ; passen- gers, 374 ; goods, 4-8 tons ; mail, 0-07 tons. Denmark.—The Danske Luftfartselskab operated, during 1926, air services between Copenhagen-Hamburg-Cologne, the traffic figures being:—miles flown, 126,730 ; passengers, 1,032; goods, 26-37 tons; mail, 1-05 tons. Except in the case of goods and mails these figures show a decrease on those of 1925. Finland.— Air traffic in Finland showed a considerable increase during 1926. On the Helsingfors-Stockholm service —operated alternately by the Finnish Aero O,Y and the Swedish A.B. Aerotransport (June-September)—699 passen- gers, 2 tons of mail, and 11 tons of goods were carried. On the Helsingfors-Reval service—operated in conjunction with the Esthonian " Aeronaut" Co.—2,292 passengers, 8£ tons of mail, and 30 tons of goods were carried. Holland.—Continuing its policy of expansion during 1926, JUNE 23, 1927 K.L.M. extended the Rotterdam-Amsterdam-Copenhagon service to Malmo. The statistics for the period were :—miles flown, 597,500 ; passengers carried, 5,616 ; goods and mails 255 tons. Italy.—Considerable progress in civil aviation was made in Italy during 1926 and a number of air lines were put into operation :—Brindisi-Athens-Lemnos-Constantinople ; Genua- Rome-Naples-Palermo ; Turin-Venice-Trieste ; Trieste- Venice and Zara ; Venice-Vienna. Negotiations took place between the Lufthansa and the Aero Lloyd Italiano with a view to the establishment of air services between Italy and Germany during 1927. Poland.— The Polski Aerolot company augmented its services during 1926 and operated the following lines: — Danzig-Warsaw-Lemburg ; Lemburg-Cracow-Vienna ; War- saw-Lodz-Cracow ; The Aero company also recommenced its service between Posen and Warsaw. Soviet Russia.—During 1926 the Derluft Co. extended its Konigs berg-Moscow service to Kharkov, and during the, period May 1 to October 31 covered about 311,000 miles; the service was then suspended for the winter. Regular services were operated by the Dobrolet Co. on the following routes: Kagan-Khiva-Tashauz ; Kagan-Termes-Diushambe and Verkhny-Udinsk-Ulan Batoi (Urga). The Ukrvozdukh- put operated on the route Moscow-Orel-Kharkov-Artemovsk- Rostov (Don)-Mineral Waters-Grozny-Baku-Tiflis. Sweden.—The A/B Aerotransport recommenced operations in April, 1926, with the re-opening of the Malmo-Amsterdam service, and later shared with the Lufthausa the Malmo- Berlin service. See also Finland. Switzerland.—The following regular services were operated by Swiss air transport companies during 1926:—Geneva- Lausanne-Zurich ; Zurich-Stuttgart ; Basle-Stuttgart ; Basle- Karlsrhue-Frankfurt ; Basle-La Chaux-de-Fonds ; Basle- Geneva-Lyons-Marseilles ; Basle-Zurich ; Basle-Lausanne- Geneva. The figures for these routes are :—miles flown, 210,340 miles; passengers, 2,345; mails, 20 tons; freight, 1\ tons. Other Countries.— In Asia, some progress was seen in Japan, where the Japan Aviation Co. conducted trial flights between Osaka and China with a view to establishing regular services. In South America, it seems that the greatest activity took place in Colombia, where S.C.A.D.T.A. continued their successful operations. The Condor Syndicate, which is associated with this company, has concluded an agreement with the Government of Guatemala regarding the inclusion of that country in a circular seaplane service between the Isthmus of Panama and Havana, or a port in the U.S.A. It is also reported that a similar agreement has been signed with the Government of Nicaragua. A Colombian oil concern. the Andian National Corp., purchased a Sikorsky 32 machine and placed it in service on the Magdalena River for carrying correspondence and personnel from Cartagena to the oil field, a distance of about 350 miles. In the Argentine the Junkers Co. have continued to operate the air mail and passenger service between Buenos Aires and Montevideo. The Lloyd Aero Boliviano, a company formed in Bolivia by the Junkers Mission, was granted a concession for the operation of air lines for a period of six years, and operated a somewhat irregular service between Cochabamba and Santa Cruz. Several air transport schemes were planned during^ 192o in Brazil, tenders being called for by the State of MinasGcraes for a service between Bello Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro, while it was proposed to form a company (Empreza Aerea Rio Grandense), using German aircraft to operate three services from Porto Alegre to Rio G.ande, Santa Maria, and bathing beaches (Atlantic coast) respectively. Finally, we come to the U.S.A. The most important event of 1926 was the Civil Aviation Bill, introduced by Senator Bingham, which became law on May 26. In accordance wttn its provisions, a Bureau of Commercial Aviation has been established within the Department of Commerce m me charge of a new Assistant Secretary of Commerce, who i^ be responsible for the issue of general regulations go^nlIIf air traffic, the registration of machines and issue of certincai of airworthiness, etc. .PA While every branch of civil aviation in the U.S. progrew rapidly during 1926, the greatest activity was with tut • mail routes. We have already made frequent referena, these air mail services, so we need only conclude here in L b. the total traffic carried out on these routes up to tne en December, 1926, viz. :—Total length of routes, 9,1« » ' miles flown : post office routes, 2,292,263 ; contract ro t . 2,115,000. Mails carried: post office routes, 4^,b«1ed contract routes, 376,205 lbs. (Note.—6,000 passengers cai^ on contract routes.) Total miles flown, 4,4U/,*w. - mails carried, 809,854 lbs 416
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