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Aviation History
1931
1931 - 0295.PDF
MA XH 27, 1931 THE AIRCRAFT ENGINEER SUPPLEMENT TOFLIGHT Map HI. tin- Atlantic ocean, I believe that my arguments cannot be ignored. In Germany alone and its neighbouring States (Central Europe), the daily despatches of letter post for North America amounts to about 2,300 kg., for South America to about 500 kg., and for East Asia (Japan and China), 200 kg. In one year between Europe and Asia about 800 tons of letter post were forwarded (according to Pirath). Add to this the very heavy freight service to these world centres, the solvency, due to such quantities, would be much easier than the passenger traffic, even if only one-third is carried by the air service. To accomplish this as already mentioned, an abso- lutely reliable, capable and fast freight aeroplane, which we (In not possess to-day, anywhere, is necessary." These remarks of Major Wronsky are worthy of the reader's very careful consideration. The Dornier Do.X. may be regarded as an attempt to supply such a craft, and the proposed new Supermarine 6-engined flying-boat may be regarded as the British reply. A comparison of the two will be extremely valuable when the data arc available. With landplanes there is plenty of scope for improvement, and until engine units are even more dependable than they are at present, aircraft employing three or more engines will be necessary for most Imperial routes. Multi-engines affect the aerodynamic efficiency and maintenance of an aeroplane adversely, but they enable one to disregard, almost entirely, the possibility of a forced landing. Thus they can operate at higher landing speeds, due to the elimination of need to land at intermediate aerodromes of small area. The increase in the landing speed will give an appreciably higher cruising speed to the mult-engine aircraft, that helps to counter- balance the reduced aerodynamic efficiency. '<>) The problem of " blind" flying has been mentioned ina previous article, and it is interesting to note the research !v which is being steadily pursued in different parts of the !'l. A recent paper by Mr. Meredith, of the R.A.E., gives xcellent resume of the present position of developments, for a fuller account of what has been done in the U.S.A. "eader is recommended to study the Guggenheim Bulletins Solving the Problem of Fog Flying." iere appears to be no doubt, however, that wireless beams 'ight beacons can both play a very important part in Hig on long-distance flying over regular air routes, and *nyv>ung that will accelerate their installation will react very rably on air mail development, adoption of " Automatic Pilots " on big, long-range VI an anc on and favo mail 'planes will relieve the pilots and might even enable one pilot to be carried in place of the usual two. The perfecting of means which enable a 24-hour flying day to be practicable will bring many advantages that have been mentioned previously and should, in addition to saving time, save in ground etaff charges. In conclusion, the writer would like to add that he is confi- dent that international air mail services will be everyday facts for the next generation, but that their development will not be quite so rapid as many would have us believe. The importance of their service and the international character of their operation are two factors which, in themselves, will require the most careful thought to be given to all future proposals. TECHNICAL LITERATURE UNTERSUCHUNGEN UBER DAS KLOPFEN GASERM0T0REN. VON VER- Type(Investigation into the Knocking of Carburettor of Engines.) By DR. ING L. AUEB. Forschungsheft 340 (Supplement to " Forschung auf dem Gebiete des Ingenieurwesens— Investigation in the Engineering Field). Edition B, Vol. 2, January, 1931. VDI-Verlag G.m.b.H., publishers. DIN A4, IV, 18 pages with 24 illustrations and 12 tables. Price each R 5. The phenomenon known as " knocking " or " detonation " has been known for a long time, but is still proving a serious obstacle in all attempts to increase the economy of engines fitted with carburettor. Two scientists were pioneers in the investigation of this phenomenon, Ricardo designed a test engine with variable compression, while Midgley invented " anti-knocking medi- cines." The results of the work of these two and many others in the same field were collected and form the first section of this volume of research. The second section of the booklet contains a report dealing with the experiments made by the author with the aim of throwing light on the questions : " Which are the causes of knocking and when will knocking take place in an engine 1 " A new instrument was designed for measuring the force and determining the time of the shock caused by the knocking 272g
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