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Aviation History
1934
1934 - 0923.PDF
SEPTEMBER 6, 1934. FLIGHT. 925 THE BREDA 27 An Italian Monoplane Fighter with an Alfa-Romeo " Mercurius " IV Engine, Which is a Bristol " Mercury " IV Built under Licence in Italy MORE and more military monoplanes are appearing inalmost every country which has an Air torce. Oneof the latest of these is an Italian machine, the Breda27 single-seater lighter. It will be seen that the air- craft is of ultra-modern design, bearing quite a remarkableresemblance to certain American types. Not that it can be said that the machine is in any way a "copy" of these air-craft, the wire-braced wings with the centre-section struts transmitting loads from a well-faired wire-braced undercarriagehaving featured in many Breda designs during the past few years. The fuselage is constructed of welded chrome molybdenumsteel tubes with wire bracing. Rear and central portions are covered with duralumin, but the forward covering behindthe engine is of aluminium. Welded carbon-steel tubes are used for the engine mounting, which is detachable and fixedto the fuselage by six bolts. The central part of the fuselage is built integral with the wing " stubs," to which are attachedthe undercarriage legs. A medium thick section is used for the wing, the structureof which comprises wooden spars and ribs, the covering being of plywood. Spar fittings, which may be easily inspectedthrough cellon doors, are of steel, the attachments of the spars to the fuselage being provided with two bolts. Ailerons,which are aerodynamically balanced, are of wooden construc- tion, plywood covered and joined to the wings by steelhinges. It is claimed that in the case of damage to any one of the wing spars the strength of the wing is reducedby one-third at the most. Wood is mainly used for the tail surfaces, the covering beingof plywood, and all levers, hinges and attachments of steel. The tail plane, which is in one piece, is adjustable in flight,and is braced on its upper side by streamlined tie-rods and beneath by two streamlined steel tubes. A portion of the finmay be adjusted on the ground for directional trimming. The undercarriage structure is of steel, directly welded tothe framework which forms the central part of both fuselage and wing unit. It consists of two separate members whichserve for the attachment of the tie-rods which brace the wing. The shock absorbers are of the long travel oleo-pneumatictype. Large streamlined fairings, easily detachable for inspec- tion of the working parts of the undercarriage, are fitted over BREDA 27 Alfa-Romeo " Mercurius " IV DIMENSIONS . .Span 35ft. lin. (10,7 m) Length 24ft. lOJin. (7fim)Height lift. 1,tin. (3,4 m) Mean chord 5ft. 8Jin. (1,77 m)Wing area 202.0 sq. ft. (18,85 re') WEIOIITS AND LOADINGSWeightempty 2,777.81b. (/ 260 kg) Grossweight' ... 8,046.2 lb. (1 7UU hg) I'EKPOKMAKCEMaximum speed (approx.) 236 m.p.h. (380 Aw/A) Minimum speed (appro*.) .. 02 m.p.h. (100 kmjh)Climb to l(i,40Oft. (a 000 m) 8min. Ceiling ... : 2i),528ft. (fl 000 m) the wheels and shock absorbers. Wheel brakes are provided.Either a tail skid or a tail wheel may be used, the skid being of a wide spoon-shaped type. The pilot's control column is adjustable for height, bothon the ground and during flight. Control transmission is through double steel cables over pulleys, and levers. On theleft of the pilot's seat is the tailplane incidence adjustor, and on the right-hand side are the controls for adjusting the pilot'sseat and the wheel brake levers. Petrol is carried in tanks within the wings, feed being main-tained by engine-driven pumps through appropriate filters. Parts of the tubing which are subjected to vibration are ofPetroflex. The oil tank is situated behind the engine, and is provided with a Vickers type cooler, easily accessiblefilling cap, and a level indicator. Armament consists of two Breda Safat 7.7 mm. calibremachine guns mounted in the fuselage and synchronised to fire through the airscrew arc. The cocking levers for the gunsare directly in front of the pilot, well within his reach, and the firing levers are on the top of the control column. Beneaththe guns are the cartridge boxes, each containing 400 rounds of ammunition, the receptacles for the disintegrated links ofthe belt and bags for the empty cartridge cases. Cartridge boxes and guns are easily accessible through doors in thefuselage. A type O.M.i camera using 13 x 18 cm. films is placed on the right side of the fuselage. Near the centre ofthe port wing are fittings for the installation of a camera gun which is provided with controls similar to those used for ,1normal pilot's machine gun. Complete wireless equipment is carried.Incorporated in the lighting system is a retractile landing light beneath thefuselage. Three navigation lights and three lamps for lighting the instrumentpanel are provided. The back of the pilot's seat is made to accommodate aSalvator B '' dorsal'' type parachute. Oxygen apparatus, fire extinguisher ofthe "knockout" type and heating arrangements complete the equipment. AN ITALIAN FIGHTER : A Bristol" Mercury " IV built under licence in Italy gives the Breda 27 a speedof 236 m.p.h. .$„
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