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Aviation History
1934
1934 - 1218.PDF
I22C FLIGHT. NOVEMBER 15, 1934. (Left) the 4-cyl. D.H. " Gipsy Major " of 120 h.p., and (right) the 200 h.p. " Gipsy Six." Smooth, running oi the engine reduce toa minimum Hie reactionary torque on both engine mounting and aircraft struc-ture. The equipment of the " Gipsy Six" is very complete, and includeselectric starter, duplex fuel pumps, twin carburetters, provision for driving anelectric dynamo and alternative types of engine feet to suit the mounting in whichthe engine is to be installed. Such items as cylinders, cylinder heads, connecting-rods, valves and valve gear are inter- changeable with corresponding parts onthe " Gipsy Major." Special high-compression racing ver-sions of the " Gipsy Six " were installed in the D.H. " Comet" monoplane whichwon the speed prize in the MacRobertson England-Australia Race, and in a similarmachine which flew to Australia and back to England in less than a fortnight.In these engines modified pistons and cylinder heads were used, and the nor-mal speed of rotation increased to 2,350 r.p.m. In this form the engine develops,on the bench, a maximum output of 224 h.p. at 2,400 r.p.m. at sea level.Flying at 10,000 ft. it gives, at full throttle, 160 h.p. at 2,250 r.p.m., thefuel consumption being 0.48 lb.b.h.p.-hr. D. NAPIER & SON, LTD. ORIGINALITY is perhaps, themost striking feature of recent Napier designs. This companybuilt up an enviable reputation for its " Lion " water-cooled"broad arrow" engines, and in introducing its air-cooled scries iskeeping abreast of, if not ahead of, the times. In addition, thecompany holds the licence to build Junkers-designed compres-sion-ignition aero engines. Three air-cooled types havelately been produced by the com- pany—the six-cylinder "Jave-lin," 16-cylinder " Rapier," and 24-cylinder "Dagger." Theformer is an inverted '' in line type giving a normal power of160 h.p. at 2,100 r.p.m., and weighing 425 lb. The sixteencylinders of the '' Rapier '' are arranged in four banks of four inthe form of an " H." The Series II is supercharged to de-liver 305 h.p. at 3,500 r.p.m. at 10,000 ft., and the Series IV gives340 h.p. at sea level. It is claimed that the "Rapier" pre-sents less than half the frontal area of any air-cooled engine ofcomparable power. Latest and largest of the air-cooled series isthe " Dagger " which, in its pre- sent form, gives a normal out-put of C30 h.p. at 3,500 r.p.m. at 10,000ft., using fuel containing noT.E.L. The engine passed the Air Ministry 100 Hours TypeTest several months ago, and installed in a Hawker " Hart "two-seater biplane put up quite an astounding performance at this year'sS.B.A.C. display. Complete particulars m Showing the amazingly small frontal areaof the Napier " Dagger " 630 h.p. engine. are not yet available for publication, but it may be said that two 24-cylinder mag- netos are arranged at the frontend of the engine with the dis- tributors separate from thegenerators. A down-draught carburetter is fitted above thesupercharger casing at the rear end of the engine. The ratedboost is + if lb./sq. in., the maximum boost + 3 lb./sq. in.,and the "maximum power" alti- tude 12,000 ft. The Napier - Junkers " Cul-verin is a two-stroke compres- sion-ignition engine having twoopposed pistons in each of its six vertical cylinders. Two crank-shafts are used and are carried in lead-bronze bearings. The con-necting-rod big-ends are also fitted with lead-bronze bearings.The engine body is a single cast- ing of "Hiduminium" alloy,with steel liners. Inlet and ex- haust ports are provided in eachcylinder, the inlet ports being controlled by the lower piston andthe exhaust by the upper piston. Fuel is supplied to each cylinderthrough four nozzles by two fuel injection pumps operated by cam-shafts running at engine speed. These injection pumps are sup-plied with fuel by two gear-wheel type pumps running at enginespeed and fitted at the rear of each camshaft housing. Lubri-cation is on the pressure-feed system from a gear-wheel typepump fitted at the rear of the engine. Scavenge air is suppliedby an air pump. Drives are incor- porated for generator, low-pressurecompressor, high-pressure compressor and tachometer. The nett dry weight
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