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Aviation History
1936
1936 - 1363.PDF
560 FLIGHT. MAY 2i, 1936. The Napier company holds the licence in this country for the 720 h.p. Junkers six-cylinder compression-ignition engine. (Makers: D. Napier and Son, Ltd., Acton.) POBJOY The Pobjoy Niagara engine, which is the most widely employed type in the Pobjoy range, particularly for commer cial aircraft, is now being built in an improved form. Known as the Niagara Mk. Ill, this model incorporates an im proved type of reduction gear, new piston and scraper rings, improved tappet housing and other detail refine ments. A specially designed rubber- damped sub-mounting has been de veloped for the engine and a long chord cowling, which permits ready access to the engine, is supplied as standard. A seven-cylinder geared radial, the Niagara III is of 2,835 c.c. capacity and is rated at 88 h.p. at 3,300 r.p.m. The maxi mum power is 95 h.p. at 3,650 r.p.m. The remaining Pobjoy models are the 65/70 h.p. Cascade (a direct drive engine) and the 75-80 h.p. geared Cataract. (Makers: Pobjoy Airmotors and Aircraft, Ltd., Rochester, Kent.) ROLLS-ROYCE With the announcement that Kestrel engines will be fitted to the three new Junkers Ju. 86 high-speed transport mono planes ordered by South African Airways, Rolls-Royce can be said to have re-entered the commercial field. Since the intro duction of their outstandingly popular Kestrel a few years ago most of their business has been on the military side. The Kestrel engine is a twelve-cylinder liquid-cooled Vee type geared engine, and can be supplied in naturally aspirated, medium supercharged, and fully supercharged forms. Originally water-cooled, the engine can employ glycol as a coolant or may alternatively be provided with a "composite cooling" system. This means that the engine is partially water- and partially steam- ccoled. It is possible with this system to use a radiator which would normally be fitted to an engine of 25 per cent, less power. During a sustained climb, of course, this radiator is inadequate to dissipate all the heat generated, and steam is formed. This is led to a condenser where the steam is condensed and taken back, as water, into the main cooling system. At the moment the Kestrel is being supplied to the R.A.F. in three forms. These give 600 h.p. at 11,000 ft., 630 h.p. at 3,000 ft., and 570 h.p. at sea level respectively. The engine for the South African machines will be of a new type known as the Mk. XVI. This type gives 690 h.p. at 11,000 ft. and 745 h.p. at 14,500 ft. (Makers: Rolls-Royce, Ltd., Derby.) VILLIERS-HAY A recently introduced light four-cylinder inverted air-cooled engine is the Villiers-Hay Maya. This unit has been designed to run for 1.000 hr. between major overhauls. Its normal South African Airways have ordered Rolls-Royce Kestrel XVI engines for their new Junkers monoplanes. The Kestrel XVI gives 690 h.p. at 11,000 feet and 745 h.p. at 14,500 feet The 230/250 h.p. Scorpio is one of the three Wolseley types on the market at the moment. Other models are under development. rating is 120 h.p. at 130 h.p. at 2,600 r.p.m (Makers: Villiers-Hay Street, London, W.i.) A newcomer in the low-power class is the 120/130 h.p. Villiers-Hay Maya. It weighs 275 lb. 2,300 r.p.m., and the maximum power The weight is 275 lb. development, Ltd., 48, Albemarle WOLSELEY An extensive programme of radial engine -development has been arranged by Wolseley Aero Engines, Ltd. The three models on the market at the present time are the Aquarius Mk. I, Aries Mk. Ill and Scorpio Mk. I. The former is a seven- cylinder type, but the two latter have nine cylinders. The normal rated powers, respectively, are 155, 205, and 230 h.p- The latest Wolseley type is the moderately supercharged Libra which delivers its maximum output of 505 h.p. at 7,200 ft. Other models, including powerful two-row types, are under development (Makers: Wolseley Aero Engines, Ltd., Birmingham.)
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