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Aviation History
1937
1937 - 1055.PDF
APRIL 22, 1937. FLIGHT. 397 Commercial Aviation NEWCASTLE-STAVANCER Stavanger's Nezv Airport for Landplanes and Seaplanes DUE to open on May 24, the ser vice between Newcastle and Stavanger, Norway^ will be of par ticular interest, if only because it may eventually be operated by both landplanes (from this side by Allied Airways) and flying boats (by D.N.L.). The comparisons will be extremely educative. The first crossing was made in 1914 by Mr. Tryggve Gran in a Bleriot, with an 80 h.p. Gnome, his time being 4 hr. and 10 min.' Mr. Gandar Dower's concern has scheduled a run of a little over three hours. Later on D.N.L. will probably use a Sikorsky S.43 amphibian, which the company expects to use on their Oslo-Stockholm service. Stavanger's municipal aerodrome ,11 Sola will be officially opened on May 29, and on this and the follow ing two days there will be an inter national meeting. King Haakon VII will probably be present. The aero drome is situated on a great sandy area some seven miles from the town, and, if it should prove neces sary, it will be possible to extend to an almost unlimited size. At present the maximum runs are 1,650 yds. in the N.-S. direction and 1,100 ydsi in the E.-W. direction. . There is a connection by wide roadway between the aero drome and Hafrsfjord, in Sola Bay, some 900 yds. to the north. There are two special runways to suit the prevailing winds, but elsewhere the ground is turf covered, so that light machines can be put down anywhere. The aerodrome is well drained and can be used for traffic AMPHIBIOUS COLLABORATION : When D.N.L. eventually work on the Newcastle- Stavanger service it is probable that a Sikorsky S.43 will be used. This photograph shows the company's first machine of this type at Stavanger. In the foreground, with D.N.L.'s agent, is Mr. Bernt Balchen, the famous pilot. all the year around. Little fog is experienced, though snow may bring difficulties. Radio facilities are available. The entire project cost some ^67,500, of which the Govern ment paid 60 per cent, and the municipality 40 per cent. Next year, incidentally, the work on Fornebo aerodrome at Oslo will be finished. Air Mail Changes A NEW edition of the Air Mail Leaflet, giving particulars of the services available on and after April 18, has now been issued. Copies are obtainable at any post office. A number of changes have been made as a result of modified time tables New C.A. Headquarters THE Department of Civil Aviation will shortly be installed in new quarters at Ariel House in the Strand, and these will be formally opened by H.R.H. the Duke of Kent at mid day on Friday. April 30. This department has, of course, been located at Gwydyr House, Whitehall, for the past thirteen years and the transfer is necessitated partly by the forthcoming demolition of the rear part of Gwvdyr House and partly by the extended responsibili ties of the department. New Equipment for Air France SINCE every new machine for Air France must do 100 hours before being put on to passenger-carrying service the com pany is now " running-in" the Marcel Bloch 220 (16-18 seater) prototype which was handed over last week after com pleting its official tests. As machines are badly needed while the 40-seater Farmans are being tested, the " running-in " process began without any delay, and in four days the Bloch did four circuits covering Villacoublay, Toulouse, Marseilles and Villacoublay. The cruising speed turned out to be 185 m.p.h. at 2,075 l.p.m., and the official test pilot gave the ** 220's " top speed as 220 m.p.h. at 7,350 ft. It is capable of maintaining flight with one engine stopped at 6,000 ft. fully loaded (20,000 lb.), and its range is 600 miles. Air France have placed an order for five more, all of which will be delivered before the end of May. AUXILIARY PROPULSION A CONTRIBUTORY factor to the performances attained by some of our latest military machines fitted with Rolls- Royce Merlin engines is the " ducted " radiator which produces a measure of thrust at high speeds. The principle on which these radiators function has been further developed by Messrs. C. J Stewart and F. W. Meredith, of the R.A.E., whose present scheme of supplementing airscrew thrust by that exerted by a mixture of air and exhaust gases pouring from slits in the trailing edge may prove highly beneficial to high-speed machines. Briefly, the scheme converts into thrust the drag presented by the cooling system, which may be regarded as a form of heat engine increasing the speed of an aircraft. It entails the total enclosure of the engine, complete with exhaust mani folds, within a wing or the nose of a fuselage. A wing installa tion is arranged to admit air through apertures to two tubular radiators on each side of the airscrew shaft. The air is first compressed to pass over the radiating surfaces and subsequently over finned exhaust manifolds from which it derives heat. Exhaust gases may then be injected into the stream of air, adding to the momentum, and finally the air, with or without exhaust gases, is passed into special passages in which the pressure is reduced to its original value and expelled from the aircraft. Thus the thrust derived depends upon the rate of change of the momentum of the cooling air. The ejection orifices in the trailing edge arc long, narrow slits with hinged flaps for adjustment. Speeds of the order of 300 m.p.h. are essential to obtain the propulsive effect and augmented speed, because the loss of energy of the stream in passing the cooling surfaces involves a loss of efficiency for lower speeds. Should the system find practical application, British aircraft will benefit from an important "little something the others haven't got."
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