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Aviation History
1937
1937 - 2188.PDF
d FLIGHT. AUGUST 5, 1937. A Morane- S a u 1 n i e r undercarriage patent. struts and so causes the two other struts to rotate about the common axis D. The novelty of this invention lies in the application of a jack carried by a strut to an undercarriage unit of a pyramid type, which folds in any direction dependent upon which of the legs the jack is attached to.—Patent No. 456632: Aeroplanes Morane- Sanlnier—Societe Anonyme de Construc tions Aeronautiques. Variable-pitch Airscrews HPHE object in varying the- pitch of the \ blades of an airscrew is to keep the number of revolutions approximately constant even under variations in driving torque or resistance to rotation. This results in a more adequate use of the available engine power in starting, and the avoidance of excessively high speeds or rotation when diving. The control of the pitch may be effected by centrifugal governors acting against a compression spring in such a way that in crease in speed causes an increase in the pitch angle of the blades and therefore a corresponding increase in the resistance. In this patent it is proposed to have in addition to the above control, depending on speed, an over-riding control depending on the throttle opening, so that lor a given output of the engine the airscrew has a corresponding controlled speed. This is effected by varying the tension of the gover nor spring by a linkage connected to the throttle of the engine. The adjustment is thus effected automatically, and this differs from previous arrangements, where an over riding control has had to be hand operated. In this way the datum line about which the speed control device works is varied with the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.— Patent No. 460912: Junkers-Mototenbau G.m.b.H. Hydraulic Control Valve I T has become common practice to oper ate retractable undercarriages by hy draulic jacks to which liquid is supplied under pressure to either one end or the other, depending on whether extension or retraction is desired. The liquid pressure is generated either by an engine-driven pump or by a manually operated pump and the direction of supply to the jack is deter mined by a control valve actuated by a lever. Such a valve is described in this patent. With the lever in its central position, liquid from the pump is circulated idly. When the lever is moved in one direction against a spring, it is held there by a catch and liquid under pressure is fed to one end of the jack. When the jack movement is com pleted and the flow ceases, the catch is automatically released and the lever returns to its central position, the pipe lines are closed and the jack is hydraulically locked. Movement of the lever in the opposite direc tion reverses the process.—Patent No. 4577°9- -4- A. Rubbra and R. N. Dorey. Operating Gear T HERE are many devices forming the equipment of aircraft that have to be capable ol being moved to one or other of their extreme positions of travel, and when occupying these positions, the structure ol the gear operating them must be self-locking. The patent deals with operating gear of this Another system of jack-locking, by the Fairey Co. KS type and it will be described in relation to retractable undercarriages, though it is equally applicable for use in connection with retracting bomb gear, rudder-servo bias, flaps and many other devices where it is desirable that they should be locked in the opened and closed position. In the illustration the undercarriage leg is pivoted at A and is rotated about this pivot by a link B, which is operated by a hydraulic jack C. In addition there is a pivoted ball- crank lever D, to which is attached a pin which passes through a longitudinal slot in the leg, and this lever is operated bv a second small jack E which is fed with operating fluid simultaneously with the large jack C. In both extreme positions this lever D is perpendicular to the leg, and the structure is therefore self-locking. Other examples of the application of this principle are given in the specification (see illustration).—Patent No. 457989: Fairey Aviation Co., Ltd., and Others. D/L ? This picture of the Focke-Wulf heli copter suggests that the familiar ratio of lift to drag may have to be reversed in im portance. Some years ago this German firm obtained rights in the Cierva Autogiro, but . the new machine is a complete departure. It recently broke all the world's helicopter records (including a speed of 76 m.p.h., height of over 8,000 ft., and duration of ih. 20m.) and it definitely is able to rise and descend vertically. Forthcoming Events July 30-August 15. " Avia " Aero Exhibition, The Hague. July 31-August 2. Yorkshire Gliding Club : Open Meeting, Sutton Bank. August 1-14. Yorkshire Gliding Club: Instructional Camp Sutton Bank. August 3-September 7. Norwich. Public Schools Aviation Camp, August 6-7. Austrian Aero Club : International Rally, Lake Worth. August 14. Eastbourne Flying Club : At Home. August 14-22. Yorkshire Gliding Club : Open Contest, Sutton Bank. August 20. L'Aero-Club de France : Marseilles—Damascus-Paris Race. August 21. Thanet Aero Club : Aviation Meeting and Race. August 21. Midland Aero Club : At Home. August 22-29. Italian Aero Club : Circuit ol Littorio. August 28 and 29. Cinque Ports Flying Club : Lympne Inter national Rally and Wakefield Trophy Race. August 28-September 25. B.G.A. National Soaring Com petition, Great Hucklow. September 4 and 5. Southend Flying Club : At Home. September 10-11. R.Ae.C. : King's Cup Race. September 12. Aero Club de France : Coupe Deutsche de la Meurthe, Etampes. September 23. Aero Golfing Society : Cellon Trophy.
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