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Aviation History
1942
1942 - 0044.PDF
FLIGHT JANUARY IST, 1942 TURBO-SUPERCHARCINC being conducted in this country and in America for the development of turbo-supercharging. During 1918 Dr. Moss, in America, applied the system to a Liberty air craft engine. Normally the Liberty developed 350 b.h.p. at sea level and 230 b.h.p. at 14,000ft. Dr. Moss demonstrated that with his arrangement of turbo-super charging it was able to produce 356 b.h.p. when tested on Pike's Peak at a height of 14,000ft. In 1920 a height of 33,000ft. was reached in a biplane fitted with this form of supercharging and piloted by Major R. W. Schroeder. For some years the development was applied chiefly to the attainment of height records, but from 1930 onwards turbo-supercharging began to appear in American Ser vice machines. The foregoing comments refer specifically to aircraft engines using petrol as a fuel. It is interesting to note, however, that on stationary, marine and railway loco motive diesel engines, turbo-supercharging has for some years been in practical operation and is now in wide commercial production. It is applied to engines from the relatively low to the highest'power outputs. Apart from the railway applications where reduction of size and weight for a given power output is of prime impor tance, turbo-supercharging in these fields has been developed particularly to obtain greater output from an engine of given size at what is relatively a reduced cost. It has succeeded not only on its technical but on its practical economic merits. Similarly to the aircraft appli cation it has, of course, been particularly suitable for both rail and stationary installations at high altitudes, for instance in the high plateaux of certain South American countries. M. T. A SIMPLE LOCATING CLAMP M ANY ingenious devices for holding together two sheets of metal to be riveted have been produced. One of the latest is the '' Van-Leer'' panel and locating clamp. This simple fastener serves, as it name indicates, to locate positively, and hold in position, sheet metal panels prior to blind riveting, and it is claimed, for it by its producers. Van Leer Auto Die-Castings, Ltd., that it eliminates all the disadvantages attached to other devices in the same field. As will be seen by the accompanying illustration, this tool takes the form of a bell-shaped casting with a seating- centre some halt-inch in diameter, From this seating there projects a hardened stud through which is passed a spring- loaded plunger This is retained at the top by a dished .cap forming the thumb-button for its operation, and at the business end by a flat hook to accommodate which the side of the locating stud is slotted. When the work is in position, the operator, holding the tool conveniently between the first and second fingers, presses down the plunger, threads the hook through the rivet holes and allows the return of the spring to press the locating stud into position. It will readily b e appreci ated that this simple, single- handed oper ation enables the work to be set for riveting very quickly, and that the clamps can b e removed with equal ease and The sketch on the right shows a cross-section of the Van-Leer clamp in position, and the one on the left its single-handed operation. speed. No deformation inside the hole and no scratching of the metal surfaces are among the claims made for it. The clamps are supplied to suit holes of various sizes and are identified by the colour of the button. There are three standard sizes, but others can be supplied on request. FEW AND SIMPLE: In the article on the Bristol Hercules published in our issue of November 27th, 1941, the advantages inherent in the sleeve valve engine were enumerated. They included those of simplicity of parts and small number of parts. The claim is borne out by this photograph, which shows, on the left, the parts of a Bristol sleeve valve engine, and, on the right, the corresponding parts of a Bristol poppet valve engine.
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