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Aviation History
1942
1942 - 2106.PDF
""«-'"- _ . FLIGHT Seventeenth of the New Recognition Series AIRCRAFT TYPES AND Jankers Ju.52l3m and its Gotha Glider ORIGINALLY designed in 1932 as a 17-seater passen ger airliner, but with the very definite" idea of later conversion into something more aggressive, the Ju.52 was one of the most widely used types on the Deutche Luft Hansa routes as well as being popular with a number of other Continental airlines. Then in 1935 it was used to equip the newly formed Luftwaffe bomber squadrons when Hitler had reached the stage of openly flouting the Versailles Treaty. With the Ju.86, it remained the standard heavy bomber until 1937, when it was relegated to the role of trainer, troop transport, and aerial lorry. It was also the principal type used in the training of parachute troops. Later came still another role—that of aerial tug for transport gliders ; hundreds were employed on this duty for the expensive attack on Crete, and it is still the stan dard general purpose transport, troop carrier and glider tug in the Luftwaffe. The slab-sided fuselage, with its domed decking, is built up of four longerons with duralumin frames and simple channel-section bracing, the structure being stiffened by a stressed-skin covering of corrugated light alloy sheeting. The centre-section of the low, cantilever wings is part of the fuselage and forms the under-surface of the cabin, the wings being of considerable chord at the roots and tapering on both edges to small square tips, around which project the horn balances of the ailerons. Eight duralumin tube spars, arranged in pairs vertically above each other and braced with short struts, are employed in the construc tion of the wings, and torsional stiffness is provided by the corrugated metal skin. Flaps of the double-wing kind, which can be varied to increase the effective camber and so increase the lift of the wing, are fitted. A semi- cantilever tailplane, braced with a single strut on each side, has elevators also of the double-wing type. Three B.M.W. 132D nine-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engines each provide 830 h.p. and armament is limited to four machine guns, one firing forward and operated by the second pilot, one from an open position above the middle of, the fuselage and two from the windows on each side. The top speed of the Ju.52/3m, which has a fixed under-carriage, is 195 m.p.h. at 8,000ft., the cruising speed 170 m.p.h., and the service ceiling 27,000ft. Its normal loaded weight is 22,000 lb.
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