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Aviation History
1945
1945 - 0337.PDF
FEBRUARY 15TH, 1945 FLIGHT 177 stopped. This avoids the possibility of oil congealing in the cooler and causing trouble in cold weather. An up-draught carburettor *s used, the air intake being underneath. It has been found possible to utilise fixed cooling gills suitable either for temperate or tropical operation, thus saving complication and maintenance costs. Airscrews are Rotol hydraulic fully-feathering type with wood blades 12ft. 6in. diameter. The big cargo hold is designed for the rapid transfer of goods. Two large doors with vertical hinges give unob- structed access to the full width of the hold. A lorry can be backed up against the front openij^g and loaded or.un- loaded direct. A 10 cwt. crane carried on an overhead rail built into the cabin roof enables heavy^ packages to be transported along the hold. Two cranes in tandem may be used for very heavy cargo. Aft of the main cabin is a separate compartment for mail or valuable freight. It has one doorway into the main hold and another measuring 5ft. by 2ft. 6in. in the fuselage side. The cabin floor is designed for a unit loading of 200 lb./sq. ft., but two i6in. wide strips along each side of the floor are built in to take wheeled vehicles * having a maximum wheel^Joad of ;',ooo lb. CARRYINGS BY RAILWAY STEAMSHIPS IN 1933. Continent ..Channel Isles N. Ireland . .TOTALS .. . Passengers 2,581,000 291,000 2,240,000 5,112,000 Cargo (tons) 1,065,000 150,000 1,351,000 .2,575,000 Hail (receptacles) 1,350,000 g5,000 1,134,000 2,579,000 Floor Angle Distances from London(In Miles) BrusselsParis AmsterdamBerlin Copenhagen Marseilles .. .,Prague ViennaWarsaw BudapestStockholm Algiers LeningradMoscow AthensCairo MontrealNew York KarachiRio de Janeiro CalcuttaCape Town DarwinBrisbane, Q There are numerous tying-down points along the floor and walls be- cause freight must not be allowed to move. We were pleased to see that the cabin has a wooden floor built up from quickly detachable panels. Wood is better than ma<fil for this job. The flooring is canned on metal cross- beams 8in. deep. Incidentally, the cabin floor slopes towards the nose at the cruising attitude of the machine. This is a good point since it reduces the angle of slope when the aircraft is at rest on the ground. A non-retracting undercarriage is fitted. We have discussed the reasons for this decision with the designers. It is* about 400 lb. lighter than a retractable landing gear. It is, of course, a good deal cheaper. It must be more reliable, djufr^Xt must cost less to maintain. For long ranges a retractable undercarriage would justify itself, but over the usual short hauls of a freighter the position is different. A fixed undercarriage has two very definite advantages which are not always appreciated. It gives a better take-off (because it is cleaner) and it enables skis or floats to be interchanged with greater ease. Both the main and the tail wheel oleos use the Dowty liquid-spring shock-absorbing system. Dunlop wheels and tyres, size 48 x 18.00—18, are used at a pressure of 38 lb./sq. in. The wheels are at present in production for military aircraft, but the tyres for the No. 170 will be treaded. Pneumatically-operated twin brakes z.t€ fitted. •'The working pressure is 150 lb./sq.- in. The tailwheel is also used in current military aircraft and will operate at the same pressure as the main wheels. The average weight of mail receptacles is from 33-35 lb. to40-60 lb. Pilot and co-pilot-navigator are accommodated above the cargo hold in a position forward of the engines. Dual controls can be fitted, and there is provision for an auto- pilot if required. A large windscreen is provided, with direct-vision panels, glycol spray de-icing and electric wipers. There is a combustion heater at the rear of this cabin. Radio can be fitted to suit customers' require- ments. We were informed that the con-,,** structors are prepared to discuss wiw operaiors the provision of such special equipment as thermal de-icing fur wings, etc., airscrew de-icing, ski or float undercarriages, passenger seating or long-range equipment. by Air 200 205 230 600 6,5! 658 680 850 920 9741,028 1.157 1,600 1,721 2,420 2,800 3,000 4,880 5,500 6,386 794.10,726 .12,754 Operating Costs Anyone who attempts to estimate the cost of operating aircraft in the brave post-war world has our sincere sympathy. Who can say with cer- tainty how much the aircraft will cost? Who can say what fuel and oil will cost, or insurance, wages, landing fees and so on? We can only guess. Some of us think we can guess intelli- gently. Some of us can only guess! We had intended jwst to have a guess when the BriptfH Aeroplane Co., Ltd., kindly supplied us with the required information. Here it is: The following basic assumptions have been made: — Utilisation of aircraft Useful life of aircraft Economic cruising speed (500 b.h.p. per engine 42 per cent. t.o. power) Size of fleet Fuel consumption 0.426 lb. per b.h.p./hour, with an allowance of 40 gallons for taxi, take-off and climb to cruising altitude (this allowance will vary between 20 gal- lons and 40 gallons, depending on circumstances). Oil consumption is taken as one gallon to 20 gallons of petrol, with an allowance of one gallon for take-oif. Fuel is assumed to cost is. 6d. per gallon and oil/^s. per gallon. In calculating payload 60 per cent, reserve of fuel is allowed over the estimated block consumption. Insurance is assumed to cost 10 per cent. p.a. of the original cost of the aircraft and of the crew £5 per cent, of their pay. . .. *3,000 hours p.a. 5 years. 144 m.p.h. 10 aircraft. VOLUME PER TON WEIGHT (cubic feet) MACHINERY BC PARTS:— Printing Machinery . . 140 Aircraft Engines . . . . 200 Gramophone Motors . . 160 Electric Time Switches. . 100 Motor Car Spares . . . . 56 Bicycles . , • 90 TEXTILES :— Cotton Piece Goods in Bales 176 Cotton Shirts . . . . 75 Woollens in Bales . . . . 100 Woollens in Cases .. .. 120 Art Silk Piece Goods . . 100 Rayon Yarns 100 Linen Thread . . .. 70 LEATHER GOODS:— Chamois 170 Gloves 6 Footwear 160 MISCELLANEOUS :— Furniture and Household Effects .„. . . . . 240 General Domestic Earth- enware 110 Confectionery . .. 90 Paper Literature . . . . 60 Books 65 Rubber Tyres & Tubes 120 Toys and Games . . , . 200 Electric YVire 58 Cinema Films .. . . 55 Optical Instruments . . mo Twist Drills and Hack Saws .. .." .. .. 45 Plastic Powder ., . . 70 Asbestos Brake Linings 80 Brush Ware 150 Surgical Dressings . . 73
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