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Aviation History
1946
1946 - 0101.PDF
JANUARY I7TH, I946 FLIGHT Qreat Bomb Load with High Performance and Long Range THE final "release" oi the Avro Lincoln now makesit possible to give a far more comprehensive reviewol the aircraft tnan the preliminary appraisal in- cluded in the November 1st, 1945, issue of Flight. At thattime we reterred to the Lincoln as " the mightiest bomber in the world," and now, having had an opportunity ofexamining the machine in detail, our original opinion is, if anything, emphasised. This meant that the designed stress factors had to be some-what lower whilst maintaining an adequate overall factor for the fully loaded machine. That the c.p.f. load-factor is4.0 at 82,000 lb. (high-angle case) can be taken as exempli- fying the success of the effort.Performance considerations demanded a high degree of manoeuvrability and climb above 20,000ft., and to this endit was decided to maintain the same induced drag as that SPAN, 120 t, AREA HEIGHT 17ft. 3J,n. It is universally agreed that the Lancaster heldthe premier place among the world's heavy bombers and by any standards, more than justifiedits position. However, the Lancaster was not designed as a long-range machine in the present meaning of the term,and thus it became apparent that we should need a long- range alternative aircraftcapable of handling really heavy bomb loads for deal-ing with Japan. From the point of view ofthe aircraft designer these requirements are not easy offulfilment due to their in- compatibility, and whenthese qualities have, addi- tionally, to be combinedwith a high level of per- formance, the case is aggra-vated. In trying to fulfil thesedesiderata the* Avro design team, in effect, took a Lan-caster and increased it dimensionally whilst guard-ing against the proportional increase of structure weight. of the Lancaster. Consequently, for the higherweight the aspect ratio had to be increased to 10, and, in turn, a longer fuselage was required toproduce a higher moment from the tail surfaces, and be- cause of the increased moment, the incidence of the tailplane(which is standard Lancaster) had to be reduced by ij deg For an increase of wingsize whilst keeping down the weight, some modified formof structure was essential, and so it was decided todispense with spanwise stringers and, at the sametime, increase the tensile strength of the material.This design, at slightly re- duced factors i n combina-tion with the increase in aspect ratio, led to the pro-duction of a very flexible wing, although this appliesonly in bending; in torsion it has been established thatthe Lincoln wing is con- siderably stiffer than that of Diagrammatic sketch showing how bomb load is spread overstructure. the Lancaster. It is well worth noting
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