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Aviation History
1948
1948 - 1373.PDF
AUGUST 26TH, 1948. FLIGHT Spanish Revival Aircraft Industry Gradually Overcoming Effects of Civil War By WILLIAM GREEN OWfNG to political upheavals and civil war, theSpanish aircraft industry has never succeeded inattaining a standard comparable with the industries of other important European countries. From time to time attempts have been made to foster the industry's growth, but the revolt of the Nationalist forces under Generalissiniem Franco in 1936 pre- cluded any further effort in this direction until some ten years ago. Considerable ganization of h reor- the Spanish aircraft in- dustry has been effected during the past ten years, and at present three major aircraft manufac- turers : ' Aeronautica Industrial S.A., La Hispano Aviacion S.A., and Construc- ciones Aeronauticas S.A., are producing aircraft of both national and foreign design. Two com- panies, Elizalde S.A. and Hispano-Suiza S.A., are building aircraft engines. These concerns are supplemented by a sizeable accessories industry, the most important company of which is the Industrias Subsidiarias de Aviacion S.A. Hispano-Suiza H.S.428, two-seat advanced trainer. • La Hispano Aviacion, which is a branch of the partially state-controlled Hispano-Suiza, Fabrica de Automoviles S.A., is devoted to the construction of military aircraft of both national and foreign design at their Seville factory. The Hispano factory, which was completely destroyed during the Civil War, was rebuilt and completed in 1942, a,nd its first product was a version of the Hispano E.34 two-seat primary training bi- plane, originally de- signed in 1935 to com- pete in trials intended to evolve training air- craft suitable for pro- duction in Spain. The 1935 mo del was powered by a 105 h.p. Walter Junior engine and was awarded second place in the contest. A production order was placed, but before prod uction commenced the fac- tory was destroyed. An Me I09J, Spanish variant of the IO:G. bomber assembly by Construcciones The post-Civil War version differed in being powered by a 130 h.p. Gipsy Major. However, as Hispano's produc- tion space was needed for the manufacture of military aircraft, and as the C.A.S.A. factories had started the production of the Biicker Bu 131 and 133 training biplanes, the E.34 was n°t built in quantity. First nationally-designed aircraft to be pro- duced in numbers by Hispano, after the recon- struction of the Seville factory, was the H.S.42 two-seat advanced trainer, approximating to the North American Harvard. The prototype was powered by a 430 h.p. Piaggio P.VIIC.iG seven-cylinder radial air-cooled engine, and it was eventually intended to replace this with 1 Hispano-Suiza H.S.93 engine. However, the version produced in quantity for the Ejercito del Aire's training squadrons is powered by -1 475 h.p. Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah seven- cylinder radial air-cooled engine, and is known as the H.S.42B. The H.S.42B is a low-wing cantilever mono- plane of mixed construction. The under- carriage (of tail-wheel type) is fixed and enclosed in streamlined fairings. Accommoda- tion is provided for a crew of two in tandem cockpits enclosed by a continuous canopy with sliding sections over the two seats. A gunnery- training version has fixed forward-firing machine guns mounted in the engine cowling and a flexible gun in the rear cockpit.
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