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Aviation History
1950
1950 - 0167.PDF
Vickers-Supermarine Attacker FLIGHT. 26 January 1950 Vickers-Supermarine 510 Lockheed F-94 X * ^ "•»— ~V. i Three distinct forms of turbojet are ^urrenuy being installed: the classic Whittle type, with double-sided, cen- trifugal compressor, represented by the Rolls Royce Der- went, Nene, and Tay; the centrifugal form, with single- sided compressor (de Havilland Ghost); and the axial-flow type (Rolls-Royce Avon, Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire, General Electric J-47, etc.). Though centrifugal-flow turbo- jets of 3.500-5,500 lb thrust (without power boost) remain numerically the most common—at least in Great Britain, the U.S.A. and on the Continent—the axial-flow unit is being increasingly adopted throughout the world, by reason of its sum form, high compression ratio and resulting lower specific consumption. Certain of the light, simple and very reliable centrifugal units already in service, however, seem amenable to extensive development, and models develop- ing well over 6,000 lb thrust (comparable with the most powerful axials now in production) are certain to be an- nounced within a few months.' With the possible exception of the Soviet Yak-15, which, in effect, has its axial-flow unit underslung from the for- ward body and ejecting beneath the rear fuselage, current single-jet fighters mount the jet unit wholly within the fuselage or nacelle. The wartime He 162 Volksjager, how- ever, had a turbojet superimposed on the fuselage, and there were other German designs for fighters with a single jet unit underslung at one of several possible positions. Being short in length, a centrifugal unit, like the Nene or Ghost, is suitable for inter-spar mounting, whereas a longer axial unit may have to be disposed above or below. With a " buried " fuselage installation the air may be taken in through a nose duct (Thunderjet); through wing-root intakes (D.H. and Hawker fighters); side intakes (Attacker and Shooting Star); underslung intakes (first prototype S.O. Espadon); or upper-fuselage intakes (Avro 707). An obvious disadvantage of the nose intake is the im- possibility of mounting equipment in the forward tip of the fuselage. • A requirement for forward-mounted radar in the nose-entry Thunderjet, for instance, has led the Republic Company to collaborate with the N.A.C.A. in de- veloping flush side-inlet ducts. The new ducts were con- sidered to give the desired flow characteristics and pres- sure recoveries, provide ample room for equipment, and necessitate the rniniTpnm of change in structural and aero- dynamic characteristics. Rate of climb is reported to be improved and in other respects performance equals that of Douglas F3D-I Skyknight Republic F-84 Thunderjet Republic F-84 Thunderjet (flush Northrop F-OT Scorpion
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