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Aviation History
1953
1953 - 0110.PDF
FLIGHT, 23 January 1953 108-109 The World's Helicopters WEIGHTS BELOW 2,500 lb (cottt.) BRANTLY B-i • Designed and manufactured by the Perm Elastic Company, of 20, Maplewood Avenue, Philadelphia, 44, Pa., this two-seater is powered with a Franklin 335 engine of 150 h.p. and is of co-axial configuration. Few descriptive par ticulars have been released by the company, but the following figures apply: weight empty, 1,300 lb; disc loading, 2.93 lb/sq ft; rotor diameter, 29|ft; cyclic pitch change range, 5 deg lateral, 7 deg longitudinal; collective pitch range, 3 deg to 12 deg; normal r.p.m. of rotor, 320; weight of each blade, 12 lb. HILLER HJ-2 HORNET • With a view to reducing initial and operating costs, Hiller Helicopters, Inc., of Palo Alto, California, are developing the two-seater Hornet, powered with tip-mounted ramjets. Had it not been for the Korea campaign and the urgency of military production the Hornet might now have been active in the civil and military fields; but though production has been postponed, this remarkable little machine is being continually flight-tested and refined. At the tip of each of the two rotor blades is a Hiller 8RJ-C ramjet, developing about 30 lb net thrust and weighing 11 lb; before the ramjets can be started the rotor must be spun at 150 r.p.m. by a 1 h.p. petrol engine, itself started by a cord. The cyclic pitch control column is of the hanging type, branched for use by either occupant. There are no foot controls. Although our photograph shows an enclosed version of the Hornet, with side-by-side seats on a cross bench, and baggage compartments to the rear, open versions have been tested. Rotor diameter, 23ft; weight empty, 360 lb; gross weight, 920 lb; disc loading, 2.22 lb/sq ft; maximum speed, 80 m.p.h.; initial rate of climb, i,iooft/min; endurance, 40 min; range, 50 miles; range (pilot only), about 100 miles. HILLER H-23B and HTE-2 • These, respectively, are the U.S. Army and U.S. Navy designations of military developments of the commercial Hiller Type 360. When "360s" were pressed into service in Korea, the U.S.A. and Europe, it became apparent that they were by no means satisfactory for military service; therefore the company developed the two new models. The H-23B is primarily intended for the evacuation of wounded, in twin external litters, but is also extensively used for training. The HTE-2 is a two-seater trainer (occasional three-seater) and can be distinguished from the U.S. Army machine by its four-wheel undercarriage. Like the Hornet, the H-23B and HTE-2 embody the Hiller "paddle control" system of servo rotors, which tilt the rotor head to effect cyclic pitch change of the main two-blade rotor. Both the Army and Navy machines are powered with the Franklin 6V4-200-C33 engine and have a fuel capacity of 28 gallons. The rotor blades have a steel spar along the leading edge and are built of solid wood laminations covered with Fibreglass and with stainless-steel along the nose portion. A semi-monocoque platform structure supports the cabin enclosure, with the seats, controls, engine mounting and undercarriage. A characteristic of these Hiller models is the corrugated metal boom which stems from the bottom of the main structure and supports the tail rotor. The following data apply to the H-23B: rotor diameter, 35ft; disc loading, 2.6 lb/sq ft; weight empty, 1,737 lb; gross weight, 2,500 lb; cruising speed, 70 m.p.h.; maximum speed, 84 m.p.h.; rate of climb at sea level, 770 ft/min; service ceihng, 9,400ft; range, 140 miles. The HTE-2 has an empty weight of 1,754 lb and differs slightly in dimensions. Brantly B-1. Hoppi-Copter. HOPPI-COPTER • This ultra-light helicopter is made by Hoppi-Copters, Inc., of 4th Avenue Building, Seattle, 1, Washington. Development has been in hand since 1945; the original model was strapped to the wearer's back. During 1948 two developed models were loaned to the Ministry of Supply for experimental flying. The following figures are representative for the Hoppi-Copter with a 45 h.p. engine: rotor diameter, 18ft; weight empty, 225 lb; gross weight, 450 lb; maximum speed, 60 m.p.h.; cruising speed, 45 m.p.h.; maximum range, 150 miles. MARQUARDT • The Marquardt Aircraft Company, of Metro politan Airport, Van Nuys, California, is not engaged in the production of helicopters, being principally a research and development organization concerned particularly with the design and development of ramjet and pulsejet power units. In this connection the company has built the M-14 pulsejet hehcopter, weighing about 1,000 lb and powered with two 8in pulsejets. Bell H-13D (U.S.A.F.). McCulloch MC-4.
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