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Aviation History
1953
1953 - 0315.PDF
6 March 1953 313 THE WORLD'S AIRLINES Taca International Airlines, S.A., New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A. Routes: Serving Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador, British Honduras and Honduras, Fleet: 3 Douglas DC-4S and 2 DC-3S. TAE (National Greek Airlines),* Athens, Greece. Routes: Domestic and to Cyprus, Egypt, France, Israel, Italy, United Kingdom. Yugoslavia and Turkey. Fleet: 1 Douglas DC-4 and 18 DC-3S. T.A.I.,* (Compagnie de Transports Aeriens Intercontinentaux), Paris, France. Routes: From France to Morocco, French West Africa, Mada gascar and French Indo-China. Fleet: 5 Douglas DC-4S, 4 Armagnacs. On order, 3 DC-6Bs. Traffic ton-miles 14,600,000. TAP* (Transportes Aereos Portu gueses), Lisbon, Portugal. (Principal Portuguese airline.) Routes: Domestic and to France, Spain, United King dom and Portuguese Africa; mileage 7,500. Fleet: 3 DC-4S and 6 DC-3S. TARS (Societate Romano-Sovietica de Transporturi Aeriene), Bucharest, Roumania (the Roumanian-Soviet air line). Routes: Domestic and to Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland; mileage 1,500. Fleet: 16 LI 2s. Reported to have 5 IL 12s. Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand. Routes: New Zealand to Australia, Fiji, and Chat ham Island; mileage 4,602. Fleet: 4 Short Solents. Thai Airways Company, Ltd. (TAC), Bangkok, Siam. Routes: Domestic and to Burma, French Indo-China, India and Singapore. Fleet: Douglas DC-4S, DC-3S, Beech Bonan zas and Noorduyn Norseman. The Flying Tiger Line, Inc., Bur-bank, California, U.S.A. Routes: Freight services only. Trans-contin ental from Boston, New York and Philadelphia through Cleveland and Chicago to Portland, Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego; mileage 10,506. Fleet: n Douglas C-54S and 26 Curtiss C-46S. Cargo ton-miles 41,584,387. TPA Aloha Airline, Honolulu, Hawaii. Routes: Inter-Island; mile age 1,007. Fleet: 5 Douglas DC-3S. Traffic ton-miles 1,849,605. Townsville and Country Airways (Pty.), Ltd., Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Routes: Local; mileage 500. Fleet: Douglas DC-3S. Trans-Australia Airlinesf Mel bourne, Victoria, Australia. Govern- ment-formedairline.Routes through out Australia; mileage 21,500. Fleet: 5 Convair-Liners, 3 Douglas DC-4S, 22 DC-3S, and 5 D.H. Drovers; 6 Vickers Viscounts on order. Trans-Canada Air Lines,* Mon treal, Canada. Routes: Trans-contin ental and between Canada and the U.S.A., Bermuda, Barbados, Trinidad, Nassau, Kingston, United Kingdom, Paris and Diisseldorf. Fleet: 23 Cana- dair North Stars and 27 Douglas DC-3S. On order, 15 Vickers- Armstrongs Viscount 724s and 8 Lockheed Super Constellations. Trans Mar de Cortes, Guaymas. Mexico. Routes: Domestic services. Fleet: Douglas DC-3S. Trans Oceanic Airways, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. Routes: Sydney to Lord Howe Island and Hobart. Fleet: 2 Short Solents and 1 Short Hythe. Transportes Aereos de Jalisco, S.A., Guadalajara, Mexico. Routes: Domestic. Fleet: 4 Douglas DC-3S. Transportes Aereos Militares (Peru), Lima, Peru. Routes: Domes tic. Fleet: Douglas DC-3S, D.H. Rapides and Stinsons. Transportes Aereos Nacional, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.—See Consorcio Nacional de Transportes Aereos. Transportes Aereos Nacionales, S.A. (TAN Airlines), Miami, Florida, U.S.A. Routes: To Cuba, Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador. Transportes Aereos Salvador Ltda., Sao Salvador, Brazil. Routes: Local. Fleet: 2 de Havilland Herons. Trans-Texas Airways, Houston, Texas, U.S.A. Feederline routes in Texas. Fleet: 9 Douglas DC-3S. Trans World Airlines, Inc., Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.A. Routes: Ex tensive internal U.S. and world net work to Europe, Africa, Asia, India and Ceylon; mileage 33,000. Fleet: 66 Lockheed Constellations, 10 Super Constellations, 12 Martin 2-0-2AS, 40 Martin 4-0-4S (in course of de livery), 14 Douglas DC-4S and 51 DC-3S. Trust Territory Operations, Guam, Marianas Islands (operated by Trans- ocean Air Lines). Routes: To Caro line Is., Palau, and Marshall Islands. Fleet: Convair Cansos. Tunis Air (Societe Tunisienne de l'Air), Tunis, Tunisia. Routes: To France, Algeria, Italy, Corsica and Tripoli. Fleet: 4 Douglas DC-3S and Languedoc. Traffic ton-miles 1,480,000. UAT* (Union Aeromaritime de Transport), Paris, France. Routes: To French Africa and French Indo-China. Fleet: 3 de Havilland Comet iAs, 4 Douglas DC-4S, 3 de Havilland Herons and 3 Douglas DC-3S. On order, 4 de Havilland Comet 2s and 6 de Havilland Herons. Traffic ton-miles 16,660,000. Union of Burma Airways (UBA), Rangoon, Burma. Routes: Domestic and to Thailand. Fleet: 10 Douglas DC-3S, 5 D.H. Doves and 3 Handley Page Marathons. United Air Lines, Inc.,* Chicago, 111., U.S.A. Routes: Trans-contin ental, and U.S. West Coast to Honolulu; mileage 13,250. Fleet: 19 DC-6Bs,43 DC-6s, 23 Convair 340s, 6 Boeing Stratocruisers, 23 Douglas DC-4S and'52 Douglas DC-3S. On order, 32 Convair 340s, and 25 Douglas DC-7S. Traffic ton-miles 310,530,000. Uraba, Medellin and Central Air ways, Inc. (UMCA), Medellin, Colombia. Routes: Balboa to Medel lin. Fleet: Douglas DC-3S. VARIG* (S.A. Empresa de Viacao Aerea Rio Grandense), Porto Alegre, Brazil. (Pioneer Brazilian airline.) Routes: Domestic and to the Argen tine and Uruguay. Fleet: 23 Douglas DC-3S, 14 Curtiss C-46S and 2 Lock heed Electras. VASP (Viacao Aerea Sao Paulo, S.A.), Sao Paulo, Brazil (important Brazilian airline). Routes: Domestic; mileage 3,200. Fleet: 30 Douglas DC-3S and 6 Saab Scandias. On order: 6 Saab Scandias. Vestlandske Luftfartselskap A.S. (West-Norway Airlines), Bergen, Nor way. Routes: Bergen to Trondheim and Stavanger. Fleet: 2 Short Sea- lands, 3 Republic Seabees and 1 Supermarine Walrus. Viacao Aerea Brasil, S.A., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.—See Consorcio Nacional de Transportes Aereos. West African Airways Corpora tion,* Lagos, Nigeria. Routes: Domestic and to Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, Gambia, Senegal and the Sudan; mileage 5,000. Fleet: 9 de Havilland Doves, 6 Handley Page Miles Marathons and 5 Bristol 170s. Traffic ton-miles 1,824,379. West Coast Airlines, Seattle, Wash ington, U.S.A. Feederline routes in Washington and Oregon. Has ab sorbed Empire Air Lines. Fleet: 6 Douglas DC-3S. Western Air Lines, Inc., Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. Routes: In 12 Western States and Los Angeles to Edmonton and Denver to Edmon ton and Minneapolis-St. Paul; mileage 5,500. Fleet: 5 DC-6Bs, 10 Convair 240s, 5 DC-4S and 10 DC-3S. Wheeler Airlines, Ltd., St. Jovite, Quebec, Canada. Route: Montreal to St. Jovite. Fleet: Avro Ansons. Wideroe's Flyveselskap og Polar-By A.S., Oslo Norway. Route: Nar- vik-flodo in summer. Fleet: Noor duyn Norseman. Wien Alaska Airlines Inc., Fair banks, Alaska. Routes: Domestic. Fleet: 2 Curtiss C-46S, Douglas DC-3S, Cessna 170 and 195 and Noorduny Norseman. Traffic ton-miles 984,710. Wiggins Airways, Norwood, Mass., U.S.A. Feederline routes in Massa chusetts, Connecticut, New Hamp shire, New York, and Rhode Island. Fleet: 6 Cessna T-50S. Wisconsin Central Airlines, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Feeder- line routes in Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota and Wisconsin; mileage 300. Fleet: 6 Douglas DC-3S. Woods Airways (Pty.), Ltd., Perth, Western Australia. Routes: Perth to Rottnest Island; mileage 25. Fleet: Avro Ansons. BRITISH AIR SERVICES The Government's Policy: Division of Routes Between State and Private Operators AN official definition of Government policy towards air trans port states that it is designed "to help forward the sound ^- development of civil aviation, to reduce the cost of air transport to the taxpayer and to give greater opportunities to private enterprise . . . without in any way impairing the com petitive strength of our international air services." Certain existing routes are accordingly reserved for B.E.A. and B.O.A.C.; develop ment of new routes and new types of scheduled services is open to the independent operators and the Corporations alike. The decision as to whether Corporations or independents are licensed to operate these new routes is taken by the Minister of Civil Aviation on the basis of applications submitted, in the first place, to the Air Transport Advisory Council. It is the Council's duty to examine all the applications and to pass on its recommendations to the Minister; the Council's terms of reference are clearly defined, and its experience in interpreting policy is such that its recom mendations are usually accepted. Since the majority of the profitable international routes centred on Britain are already operated by the Corporations, the main opportunities open to the independents under this policy are as follows : seasonal tours; domestic and short-range international scheduled passenger services; secondary internal services not operated by B.E.A.; vehicle ferry services; "colonial coach" services (scheduled passenger flights on Commonwealth routes at fares lower than the I.A.T.A. tourist rate); new all-freight services. The Corporations have undertaken not to apply to operate new all-freight services until July 14th, 1953, thus giving the indepen dents a year in which to put forward applications and plan their operations. Independent operators cannot be subsidized. One of the most important features of the new policy is that operators are licensed for seven (and, in some cases, ten) years, thus providing a stability lacking under the previous system and helping companies to raise capital for new aircraft. The main first- and second-class services reserved for the Corporations are summarized below :— B.O.A.C. From London to: Sydney, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Bombay or Colombo, Cairo or Tel Aviv, Teheran, Baghdad, Bahrein, Entebbe or Nairobi, Johannesburg, Lagos or Accra, Lisbon, Montreal, New York, Shanghai, Auckland, Bermuda or Nassau, Kingston, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires or Santiago. All-freight service from London to Singapore. B.E.A. From London to: Barcelona, Bordeaux, Madrid, Gibraltar, Palma, Zurich, Geneva, Basle, Vienna, Paris, Nice, Deauville, Dinard, Le "Pouquet, Brussels, Dusseldorf, Berlin, Cologne, Hanover, Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Oslo, Rome, Milan, Malta, Istanbul, Cyprus, Tripoli, Benghazi, Athens. From Belfast, Glasgow, Manchester and Birmingham to: Amsterdam, Zurich, Geneva, Paris. All-freight services to: Amsterdam, Hamburg, Berlin, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Paris, Brussels, Hanover, Nice, Rome, Malta, Milan, Athens, Istanbul, Zurich, Vienna. At the time of writing, over 170 applications had been submitted to the A.T.A.C. since the new terms of reference were issued last July. Subject to "certain conditions being satisfied," the Minister of Civil Aviation has approved the applications shown in the table overleaf. No decision has yet been announced in many cases but it is expected that several approvals will be announced in the near future, enabling more operators to complete their plans for new services. Under the Air Corporation Act of 1949, independent companies may operate scheduled services only if appointed to do so by the Corporations under "associate agreements." (Tabulated lists of approved applications, correct to February 2.6th, and of the British Independent Operators, appear overleaf.)
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