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Aviation History
1955
1955 - 1280.PDF
394 FLIGHT, 2 September 1955 Bristol Cantourui 173, 18-cylinder two-row tleeve-valve radial piston engine; geared and fitted with single- stage, single-speed supercharger. Bore, 5.7Sin; stroke, 7in: iwept volume, 3,270 cu in (53.6 litres); overall diameter, 55.3in; length, 74in; dry weight, 3,400 Ib; maximum rated power, 2,935 b.h.p. at 2.800 r.p.m. at 4,000ft with w/m injection (2,850 h.p. available for take-off). Above, da Havilland Gipty Queen 70 Mk 2, six-cylinder inverted in-line air-cooled engine, geared and supercharged and with injection-type carburettor. Bore, 4.72in; stroke, S.9 in: swept volume, 622 cu in (10.2 litres); width, 18.7in; height, 33in; length, 70.8in; dry weight, 690 Ib; maximumpower, 380 b.h.p. at 3,000 r.p.m. at 7.5 Ib boost at sea level. Below, de Havilland Cipey Major 200, four-cylinder inverted in-line air-cooled engine, ungeared and unsupercharged, with inlet-port fuel injection. Bore and stroke as above; swept volume, 416 cu in (6.79 litres); overall width, 16.Sin; height, 29.8in; length, 51 in; dry weight, 400 Ib; maximum power, 192-200 b.h.p. at 2.600 r.p.m. at sea level. Piston Engines Both the Hercules and Cen-taurus sleeve-valve radial s continue in production, the principal application for the former being inthe Bristol 170 Freighter (and, supplemented by Hercules built in France by S.N.E.C.M.A., theNoratlas military and civil transport). The Centaurus is being delivered for the Beverley. The Beverley is the application responsible formost of the current Bristol piston-engine develop- ment. At present, it uses the Centaurus 173, asillustrated here, and this engine has a single-speed supercharger and a relatively low rated height(andj conversely, a greater take-off power than the generally similar engines used in B.E.A.'s fleetof Elizabethan airliners). Special mention should be made of the newrange of Centaurus being developed with direct fuel injection into the cylinder heads. Theseengines have already completed a total of over 1,300 hr bench-running and test-flying is wellunder way. The first of this range is designated Centaurus 373, and provides a maximum powerof no less than 3,220 b.h.p., with 3,150 h.p. avail- able for take-off at sea level. This engine willshortly pass into production for the Beverley. THE de HAVILLAND Leavesden Aerodrome, ENGINE CO. LTD. Herts Tel.: Garston 4000 Piston Engines The drawing shows the GipsyMajor 200, in its helicopter version (as installed in the Saro Skeeter 6). Progressive developmentduring 27 years has resulted in this finely engin- eered unit, which incorporates many featuresproved in service with the post-war range of six- cylinder engines. In particular, the Major 200has the Gipsy Queen-size cylinder, resulting in a greater swept volume. It is a normally aspiratedengine, with a direct drive. A completely new feature is the employment ofinlet-port fuel injection, in place of the original float-type carburettor. Apart from eliminatingicing problems, this has resulted in near-perfect fuel distribution in an induction system of veryhigh aerodynamic efficiency. The power is, in consequence, equal to that given by the pre-warsix-cylinder Gipsies. Provision is made for a wide range of accessories—some of which are shownin the drawing—and a fixed-wing version is avail- able. A special development is also being preparedfor operation on ordinary M.T. fuel, with a slightly reduced power rating. The photograph is of a production Gipsy Queen70, similar to the thousand or more engines now used in Doves all over the world. This is a super-charged and geared six-cylinder engine, with an injection-type carburettor. It is supplied as acomplete engine-change unit. The other produc- tion-type Queen is the Series 30 Mk 2, used inthe Heron. Supplied as a bare engine, this has a direct drive and a float-type carburettor, anda maximum rating of 250 h.p. A feathering air- screw was recently designed by de HavillandPropellers, Ltd., for the Heron; the Heron uses a two-blade airscrew, whereas the Queen 70 drivesa three-blade unit, which can be equipped for reversing. \ J* • • ,* •, ft, * • •
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