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Aviation History
1956
1956 - 0905.PDF
FLIGHT 6 July 1956 Airliners of the World 49 lO.OOOr 8DOO 6.OOO 4.OOO 2OO 4OO 6OO 8OO FRIENDSHIP air bottle to maintain full pressure should the main air bottle pressurebe low. The brakes are double-plate assemblies, and pneumatic Maxaret anti-skid units are fitted. Parking is achieved by depressingthe toe-pedals and pulling a lock lever. An emergency pneumatic system provides power for lowering theUndercarriage and applying the brakes should there be a failure in the duplicated main supply system. Fuel System. Total fuel capacity is 818 gallons contained inintegral wing-tanks. Port and starboard fuel systems are connected by a cross-feed line, and a small collector tank in each nacelle has alow-pressure fuel pump to reduce the amount of residual fuel. Refuel- ling is via either under-wing pressure connections or through over-wingfiller caps. Ice Protection. The wings and engines are protected from ice forma-tion thermally, by exhaust-haated fresh air supplied to the leading edges. Tailplane de-icing is effected by electric heating elements. Operatorshave the alternative choice of pneumatic overshoes for de-icing. Radio. A typical radio installation, variable according to customers'requirements, comprises: Bendix or Collins V.H.F.; Collins glide-path and marker beacon receiver; Bendix A.D.F.; Standard TelephonesV.H.F.; Collins H.F.; and Bendix intercom. Provision is made for the duplication of equipment, and for the fitting of a flight director systemif specified. Payload Accommodation. Originally the standard version of theFriendship accommodated 28 passengers in four-abreast seating (fuse- lage diameter is 8ft lOin), plus 280 cu ft of cargo space in the forwardpart of the fuselage. Late last year, when the promise of increased power became a reality, it was decided to stretch the fuselage 3ft for-ward of the wing, and to use the additional cabin space by installing an extra row of four seats. Cargo capacity remained the same, beingaccessible through a 4ft by 3ft 7in door on the port side (sliding inwards and upwards on rails), but passenger accommodation was thus increasedfrom 28 to 32. This became the standard version. At the aft end of the cabin,opposite the entry dgor on the port side (5ft 5in by 2ft 5in, sliding inwards and aft) is a pantry with a seat for a stewardess, and a lavatory-washroom; at the extreme aft end, up against the pressure bulkhead, is a luggage compartment of 100 cu ft. In addition there is a wardrobeon the port side just forward of the entry door. Obviously the layout lends itself well to variations. By moving thebulkhead which separates the cabin from the forward cargo compart- ment, the latter can be reduced in capacity by about 100 cu ft to accom-modate an extra row of seats, bringing the total number of passengers up to 36. Aft end facilities remain unchanged. Again, by dispensingwith the aft wardrobe and moving the galley forward to the port side of the cargo compartment, a further row of seats can be installed at therear of the cabin, bringing seating capacity up to 40; and no doubt, by dispensing with forward cargo space altogether, and adding furtherpassenger windows and removing the freight door, seating capacity could be increased to at least 44, a possibility which Fairchild is no In the payload/ range graph the broken lines allow for I.F.R. The cost curves are based on S.B.A.C. issue 2 assuming 3000 hr per an- num; the .kink is due to reduced landing fees on short stages. doubt considering for the American local-service airlines. Commercial History. The Friendship is Fokker's first airliner for20 years, and can trace its ancestry to the famous Fokker airliners of the 'thirties such as the Trimotor F-7, F-10, F-12 and F-18 which werethe standard equipment of many airlines, K.L.M. in particular. Fokker undertook the market research which resulted in the Friendship in 1951and 1952. The decision to go ahead with the construction of a proto- type was taken in the summer of 1952, and the first flight took place onNovember 24, 1955. By then the first order had been placed (two for K.L.M.), and last April the licence agreement with Fairchild—whichhad been the subject of negotiation for some time—was finally con- cluded. Last February, too, the Breguet company of France signed anagreement with Fokker whereby the joint production of Friendships, possibly with other French firms such as S.N.C.A.S.O., was envisaged. The present Friendship order book—which significantly alreadyincludes three airlines which have ordered Viscounts—is as follows: K.L.M., two; West Coast Airlines, four plus option on four (Fairchild-built); Mackey Airlines, two plus an option on two (Fairchild-built); Aer Lingus, four; Frontier Airlines, two plus an option on four (Fair-child-built); Trans-Australia Air Lines, six; Netherlands Government, one. Total of firm orders: 21. Other operators reported to haveplaced options are South West Airlines (Fairchild-built); Bonanza (four, Fairchild-built); Mohawk (Fairchild-built); and B.K.S. AirTransport (four). Present plans are that Fokker should build a run of 50 and Fairchild100. First deliveries are due next year and the price quoted for an Amsterdam-built machine is about £165,000. FOKKER F.27 FRIENDSHIP Two Rolls-Royce Dart Sll of 1,742 e.h.p. Dimensions: span, 95ft; length, 76ft; height, 27ft 6in; gross wing area, 754 sq ft (aspect ratio 12); track, 23ft 7^in. Weights: basic operating weight, 21,794 Ib; typical maximum payload, 9,416 Ib (32 passengers plus 4,000 Ib freight): max. zero-fuel weight, 31,210 Ib; max. landing weight, 33,000 Ib; max. weight, 34,520 Ib. Performance: take-off field length, C.A.R. (see p. 10), 3,800ft; max. cruising speed, 237 kt at 20.000ft; service ceiling, 33,000ft; C.A.R. landing field-length, 3,000ft4 RADIO CREW COATS CARGO TOILET CARGO Two typical Friendship interiors: the 36-seat layout (above) pro- vides for cargo forward total- ling 737 + 55 co ft and for 60 cu ft aft; the 32-seater can take 145 + 110 cu ft forward and 100 cu ft aft. There is no underfloor hold. PANTRY FREIGHT DOOR CREW COATS PASSENGERENTRANCE WARDROBE EMERGENCY EXIT TOILET FREIGHT DOOR CARGO WARDROBE / CARGO PASSENGER ENTRANCE
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