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Aviation History
1956
1956 - 1253.PDF
31 August 1956 399 Godfrey TA-15 turbo-alternator. Sir George Godfrey and Partners, Ltd. Since World War 2 a considerable ex-pansion and general broadening of scope have taken place in the spheres of aircraftpneumatics and air-turbine-driven elec- trical generating equipment. During thepast year a technical exchange agreement has been negotiated with the StratOS Divi-sion of the Fairchild Airplane and Engine Corporation. A licence has also been ac-quired from Svenska Rotor Maskiner, A. B., to manufacture the familiar S.R.M.compressor; the S.R.M. principle is, in fact, employed in cabin superchargers andFreon pumps now under development, one of which is the new Type 175. One ofthe advantages of the Godfrey/S.R.M. screw-type rotor system is that, as well asbeing of a positive-displacement nature, it also has a built-in pressure ratio.Two new products operating on the Roots principle are the PA-100 actuatorand Type 5 supercharger. The latter, an experimental machine, has a pressure ratioof 1.2/1.5:1 and weighs only 81 lb; it may be used as a pneumatic booster, air motoror supercharger. New valves include the CV-1, applied to ventilated-suit systemsto maintain constant flow and pressure at the suit inlet; the CV-18, for complete air-conditioning systems; and the PRC-4, a pressure-ratio controller for cold-air unitsoperated by a capsule and providing al- most instantaneous correction with com-plete freedom from hunting. Another new development is the ventilated-suit coolingpackage comprising a primary heat ex- changer, a brake-turbine cold-air unit, theexhaust from which cools a secondary heat exchanger, and a water separator. Thecooling flows run in parallel, one supply ventilating the suits and the other coolingthe ventilating air. Equipment for Freon cooling systems includes the DP-5,developed from a special air pump, and the TFC-1 energized by an air turbine.A photograph shows the TA-15 turbo- alternator rated at 15 kyA. First referredto last year, the unit is now fully de- veloped, and a particularly interestingfeature is the air/fuel heat exchanger which cools the alternator. Progress is also beingmade in the design, development and manufacture of miniature turbo-alterna-tors, alternator-control gear, radar-cooling units, ground-conditioning trolleys andequipment for cooling and handling mis- siles. Goodyear Tyre and Rubber Co., Ltd.The engineers at Wallasey have now per- fected an electro-mechanical anti-skidbrake device, based on a previous all- electric unit. Mounted in each wheel itbrake, which is already in production at Wallasey for the DC-7C, and is projected comprises an acceleration-sensitive switch,controlled by a flywheel and cam assembly, which governs a solenoidvalve to relieve brake pressure at the point of incipient skid. The whole unit measuresonly 6£in by l|in diameter and is pro- tected by the wheel from damage orweathering. The electric system provides for a panel "system-functioning" light,manual over-ride and for pairing of wheels and brakes. The photograph illustrates an entirelynew disc brake, known as the Tri-Metallic Goodyear Tri-Metallic brake. for Viscount 800s and Vanguards. Themoving discs are faced with a coating of special sintered iron and the fixed discsare of a steel which, being incompatible with the sintered coating, cannot fuse withit in service. The Tri-Metallic brake has other advantages: size-for-size it canaccommodate more discs (these being only about 3/16in thick) and so can have agreatly increased friction area and torque capacity; and, as the assembly is all-metal,the whole mass provides the heat sink. H. M. Hobson, Ltd. Many types ofpowered flying control are now in produc- tion or under development for the majorityof the latest British high-speed aircraft. The Type 251 control incorporates elec-trical (as distinct from mechanical) linkage between the cockpit and the powered sys-tem and parallel triplication is employed to guard against electrical failure. Advant-ages claimed are a saving in weight and an improvement in stiffness, performanceand general handling. Furthermore, development can be completed withouthaving to consider structural feed-back. The powered control Type 163 Mk 4(which actuates the tailplane of an all- weather fighter) embodies a high-efficiency screw-jack powered by dupli- cated hydraulic motors and supply sys-tems, either of which can effect proper operation. An accompanying photo-graph shows the Type 149 Mk 2 control which operates the rudder of a heavybomber. Here again full duplication is provided and an integrated destabilizeractuator superimposes de-control func- tions on the pilot's commands. Hobsonalso manufacture many types of autopilot- powered control and servo-actuator, to-gether with various feel-simulator units. Among the several types of fuel-controlunit for which Hobson are responsible is the Type 268, which is a hybrid schedul-ing and speed-governing system. It in- corporates a gear-type starting pump; amain centrifugal pump with circulating impeller; flow and accelerator controls;and a speed governor. Another type of speed-governing unit is the Type 100,which controls the fuel supply to the turbo- jet fitted to a pilotless aircraft. Hobsonalso make many types of ramjet control unit, one of which, the Type 176, auto-matically controls the fuel supply in a pilotless ramjet vehicle according to themass airflow passing through the engine. The profiled metering valve is positionedby a pressure-sensitive capsule and a regu- lating valve controls the pressure-dropacross the metering orifice. The Hymatic Engineering Co., Ltd.One of the latest additions to the com- pany's wide range of airborne electro-pneumatic valves is the MD.23. It is de- signed as a stop valve for pneumatic orgas systems and the control of air supplies Hymatic PS.81 reducing valve. to guided weapons. It is exceedinglyflexible and can operate at working pres- sures between 100 and 4,000 lb/sq in; and,notwithstanding the latter value, the weight has been kept down to 1.8 lb. Itis rated at the low current drain of 0.16 amp at 24 V. An accompanying photograph shows thePS.81 reducing valve which, for a weight of 2.35 lb, accepts a flow of 15 lb/min atan inlet pressure of 12-15 lb/sq in and delivers an output giving 8 ±0.1 lb/sq in.Other new products include the PS.64/1 reducing valve, which takes 3,000 Ib/sq in Hobson Type 149 Mk 2 powered flying control.
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