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Aviation History
1957
1957 - 1256.PDF
344 ACCESSORY DEVELOPMENTS ... fier processes the signals and suppliespower for the system; and an indicator shows fuel flow with a needle and "fuelgone" on a veeder counter. The English Electric Company, Ltd.(Aircraft Equipment Division). For the first time, new products produced by thedivision include some for guided weapons. Past experience of alternating current air-craft electric systems has been put to use in the development of a three-inch missilealternator. This is rated at 750 VA and weighs 3 lb 10 oz. New motors have beenproduced for submerged fuel pumps. Both A.C. and D.C. designs have beendeveloped, and the motors run submersed. Production of a wide range of A.C. andD.C. machines has been expanded in the past twelve months, and the range of pro-ducts also embraces universal actuators and control gear. Ferrant% Ltd. A new artificial horizonfrom Ferranti, the Type F.H.9 (Mk 4c) has a presentation designed to enable apilot to determine his attitude more posi- tively and quickly (particularly in invertedflight); to obtain more accurate control of bank at large pitch angles; and to beable to fly—for the first time from a con- ventional artificial horizon—a given angleof climb or dive. The presentation also offers a facility for the assessment of pitchattitude during turns. Although basically the same instrumentas the Ferranti Type F.H.5 (Mk 4) standard artificial horizon is used, and theinstruments are fully interchangeable, the new presentation features a two-colour, Ferranti artificial horizon Type F.H.9. half-inch-wide horizon bar divided hori-zontally into blue and green sectors. The lower, green (earth), sector has a seriesof divergent identification lines super- imposed to assist in attitude recognition,and etched on to the glass face of the instrument are two pitch circles equiva-lent to pitch angles of 20 and 40 deg. Intermediate arcs governing pitch attitudeonly are marked for 10, 30 and 50 deg (Above) Firth Cleveland Instru- ments fuel flow meter equipment. (Left) Elliot air-data computer. and markings on a roll scale show anglesof roll of 10 and 20 deg. The instrument is hermetically sealed and incorporates the"pitchbank" method of turn error correc- tion. The power requirements are nomi-nally 115V, 400 c.p.s. three-phase A.C. with a starting power consumption of75W, but the horizon can be operated from a stand-by D.C. supply through atransistor inverter control box. The firm are also manufacturing astand-by artificial horizon Type F.H.7 (Mk IS) for use with a flight system or asa primary flight instrument. Conventional or "wide bar" presentation can be pro-vided in a 3jin diameter S.A.E. case. A radar system for the English ElectricP.IB fighter has gone into production at the Edinburgh factory. The company isalso actively developing high-speed elec- tronic digital computers to operate as fastas any available. Firth Cleveland Instruments, Ltd. Afiowmeter to allow continuous and accurate presentations of the rate of fuel flow andtotal quantity of fuel consumed over the range of flows likely to be encountered inpresent-day and future aircraft is now being manufactured. The basic fiowmeterinstallation comprises a unit fitted in the fuel pipe-line which generates an electricalsignal, of a frequency proportional to the fuel flow rate. This is fed to a remoteelectronic integrator unit which, in turn, provides two output signals. Thesesignals are passed to combined or separate indicators showing the rate of fuel flowand the total of fuel consumed. Many variations of the installation areavailable, permitting the metering of single or dual fuel-flows in terms of mass orvolumetric units. As the system is volu- metric in principle, presentation in termsof mass requires correction for changes in fuel density. This is made available ineither manual or automatic density correc- tion forms. The latter effects a fullyautomatic and instantaneous correction, whereas the former must be set for fueldensity before operation. Two further types of control unit canbe fitted to the system, which give a signal to operate a warning device or a controlunit when a given level of flow rate is reached, or a definite quantity of fuel hasbeen metered. Flight Refuelling, Ltd. High speedrefuelling of new airliners is one of the present concerns of this company. TheMk. 37 in-line refuelling/ defuelling valve has been developed for the purpose, andpasses fuel at 240 Imp gal/min. Fuel-no- air valves are also being manufactured foruse in air-pressurized feed systems. They cater for changes in pitch attitude of90 deg and for a 60 deg roll angle. The float mechanism is counterbalanced againstg effects. A equal-flow valve has been developedto replace existing transfer valves and to save weight. The valves permit a pair ofwing or drop tanks to be emptied sym- metrically, by air pressure, into a centralfuselage tank from which the engine feed is taken; they can be re-calibrated to caterfor asymmetric systems and will maintain the equal flow under aerobatic conditions.New components include a lightweight pipe connector FRS.525 and nozzles,valves and adaptors compatible with high test peroxide. A magnetic dipstick fuellevel indicator has been developed for underwing tank contents gauging of theComet and Vanguard without the risk of fuel spillage. Sir George Godfrey and Partners, Ltd.The connections of this company with countries abroad has two functions: theestablishment of companies in Australia, Canada and South Africa who areequipped to deal with the overhaul and after-sales service of British-made Godfreyequipment, and technical liaison and agreements with foreign firms for themanufacture of equipment of their design. A good example of the latter arrange-ment is the development by Godfreys of screw compressors as cabin superchargersand compressors as the result of agree- ments with Svenska Rotor Maskiner ofSweden. The Godfrey/ SRM positive dis- placement compressor Type 175 Mk 2 isdesigned to meet the air supply require- ments of aircraft having large cabinvolumes (it is to be used on the Vanguard) and to give high pressure ratios for pres-surization at high altitudes. It is also used to supply air to air-cycle refrigerators.A feature of this compressor is that it allows a proportion of the compressed airleaving the outlet to be returned to re-enter the compressor through a port in thebifurcated inlet manifold; this will increase the temperature of the pressurized airwhen required. Another technical liaison agreement—with the Stratos division of the Fairchild Corporation—has resulted in the produc-tion of a range of valves and sensing units for the control of temperatures, pressuresand flows in aircraft air-conditioning and refrigeration systems. Among these are thepneumatic temperature sensing unit PTSU-1, and temperature control valvePTCV-1. These units operate in conjunc- tion; the temperature of air passingthrough the temperature sensing valve dis- torts a Bourdon tube and so operates amechanism to throttle jets which are con- nected to the temperature control valve.A proportion of the air entering the latter is bled off into capsules controlled by thesensing unit. Consequent expansion or contraction of the capsules governs thesetting of the valve admitting hot air to mix with the cold in the aircraft system. To tackle the problem of cooling radarequipment, a new mark of specialized cool- ing equipment has been designed. Thisis the RCU-6 Dev.l, which employs both liquid and air coolants in a sealed package.In addition to cooling, the air is circulated through a pressurized canister in a closedcycle, and a Glycol-cooled heat exchanger is designed to reduce the temperature of asilicone coolant employed to dissipate the
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