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Aviation History
1959
1959 - 1805.PDF
20 FLIGHT The 23rd Paris Show Potez 4E Almost the only manufacturer to show a completelynew piston engine was Potez, The 4E is a flat-four, of exceedingly neat design, rated at 96 h.p. at 2,530 r.pjn. and 90 h.p. at 2,475r.p.m., with a cruising s.f.c. of 0.5 (80-octane fuel) and weighing 203 lb with all equipment. Pratt & Whitney JT3D For the first time in Europe this bigturbofan engine could be studied in cutaway form. Comprehen- sive details were contained in our issue of December 19 last, anda cutaway drawing appeared in our issue dated March 20 this year. The basic JT3D-1 has a sea-level rating of 17,000 1b at8,200 r.pjn. Engines of this type may be obtained by converting existing JT3C-6 and -7 units, and a decision to do so may be takenby a number of airlines. The military JT3D will power the Boeing B-52H bomber. Pratt & Whitney JT4 It is particularly appropriate that acutaway JT4 should have been on display in Paris, since engines of this type will be manufactured under licence by SNECMA topower the production Mirage IV (and JT4s have also been chosen by Air France and the two French independents for theirlarge jetliners). Dry rating of the current JT4A-3 is 15,800 lb; the -9 and -10engines will maintain 16,800 lb up to 90 deg F with water injec- tion. Like the JT3 family the JT4 series are being subjected toa weight-reduction programme which has already lopped some 200 lb from the 5,020 1b of the JT4A-3. Rolls-Royce Complete display engines, shipped from Derby,included the Conway 505 (a complete Boeing 707 powerplant package, complete with thrust-reversal and a quiet nozzle), aTyne RTy. 1, a commercial Avon RA.29, a military Avon RA.24R and a RB.108 VTOL engine. On view for the first time in publicwere the "hot" components of a Dart which have logged many thousands of hours, and a display panel featuring a cutawaydrawing of the Tyne. RR.2 Svenska Flygmotor were permitted to exhibit, but not tocomment on, the RR.2 ramjet. Developed for cruise propulsion of a Swedish missile, this unit is designed for M 2.5, has a two-shock intake, with a hole in the centre of the bullet to feed the turbopump, and an overall diameter of some lOin. It could beseen that there were eight radial fuel bars, each with four upstream nozzles. SEPR.81A A private-venture engine, the 81A is the first ofSEPR's many nitric acid/furaline rocket motors to have variable thrust. The minimum sea-level rating is 1,100 lb on one chamber;thrust can then be built up to 3,300 lb, at which point the second chamber cuts in. Maximum thrust from both barrels is 7,497 lb.The package contains a turbopump unit, and weighs 353 lb. SEPR.844 Over 100 of these neat single-chamber rocket-motorpackages are being manufactured for the Dassault Mirage IIIA (one was also fitted to the IIIB on view, although this is notstandard). Operating on nitric acid and kerosine, the 844 can be set to either of two levels of thrust (1,650 and 3,300 lb) by a gatedcockpit lever; the feed pump is driven from the Mirage's Atar turbojet, absorbing 93.5 h.p. The chambers for these motors aremade by Hispano. Turbomeca Astazou Now flying in the Max Holste 153 Broussard, M. Szydlowski's diminutive single-shaft turboprop is now rated at 420 h.p., much more than its design figure. Con- sumption at this power is 280 lb/hr and the weight, including the two-blade 2,420 r.p.m. v-p. propeller, is 408 lb. Turbomeca Bastan Figures now finalized for this very neat turboprop include: max. rating, 740 h.p. plus 146 lb thrust, with s.f.c. of 0.704 lb/hr/s.h.p.; max. cruise rating, 592 s.h.p. plus 146 lb, with sl.c. of 0.749; and weight, with three-blade propeller, 772 lb. It is available as a standard engine-change package, flight-tested on a pylon above a Languedoc. Turbomeca Turmo IIIB Now flying in the Frelon, this free- turbine unit is in an advanced state of development, and the following figures have been established: take-off rating, 789 sJi.p. with s.f.c. of 0.726; max. cruise rating, 631 sJi.p. with si.e. of 0.756; and total equipped weight, 600 lb Turbomeca By-pass Next year Turbomeca will introduce anentirely new by-pass turbojet, with an outstanding performance for a small engine. Maximum rating will be 1,700 lb, with s.f.c.of 0.59; cruising ratings will be 1,235 lb at sea level (s.f.c. 0.57) or 419 lb at 29,500ft (s.f.c. 0.88). MISSILES Bofors Bantam Developed as a private venture, the firstSwedish wire-guided anti-tank weapon weighs only 13.25 lb, and is fabricated from glass-reinforced plastics. It is controlled bytrembler spoilers and can be fired from the hip, using its box as the launcher. Bolkow Bo 810 Cobra With this wire-guided anti-tank missileBolkow have tried hard to beat the classic SS. 10. That they have succeeded is evident from the specifications: Cobra weighs but20.9 lb, and can be used without any extraneous gear, and its hollow-charge warhead weighs but 5.5 lb yet has the same pene-tration as that of the SS. 10; moreover, the German weapon is claimed to be much cheaper. It is in production for the Germanarmy and is being demonstrated next month to certain European countries. Matra R.422-B3 Not previously exhibited, this fairly conven-tional anti-aircraft missile is competing with Nike Hercules (also seen at Paris) and projects by Nord and Sud for the French andNATO markets (Hawk was not mentioned in this context). Initial guidance is effected by radar command, the reinforced echo fromdie lamp set being compared by a computer with the optimum course; in the terminal phase the 422 is a semi-active homer. Bothsustainer and tandem boosts use solid grains. Nord 5301 At least 12ft in length, the shapely 5301 missile isessentially a Nord 5103 scaled up for use in the surface-to-air role. It thus comes into the category of Hawk, and is said tohave a similar performance. The solid propulsive charge exhausts through two boost and two cruise nozzles, control (radar-com-mand guidance) being effected by jet deflection. Nord CT-41 First seen at SHAPE six weeks ago, Nord's twin-ramjet target is promising to become the best in the world with high supersonic performance. It is quite large (span 12ft 3in,length 32ft 2in), and with its twin solid boost motors weighs 5,622 lb at launching. The five main portions may be quicklyassembled in the field; guidance is by radio command and the control system comprises a canard foreplane and lateral, wedge-section spoilers outboard of the engines. Several CT-41s have been fired, and the cruise Mach number is stated to lie between2.5 and 3. Nord SS.12 Never before seen in public, Nord's latest weaponis virtually a "stretched" SS.ll, and will be employed in both surface-to-surface and air-to-surface roles. No data may bequoted, but it is larger, heavier and faster-flying than SS.ll, and has much greater range; firing weight is obviously more than120 lb. A curious feature is the bulged warhead compartment, conferring a degree of area-ruling. The SS.12 employs the samepropulsion and guidance techniques as those used in its pre- decessors. Parca Now regarded as an interim test vehicle, this canard surface-to-air missile was displayed in cutaway form on the stand of Compagnie Francaise Thomson-Houston. Current Parcas have rectangular wings. Short Seacat Although simple, Seacat is a highly significant anti-aircraft missile which has not previously been publicly displayed. Intended as a logical replacement for all short-range A.A. gunsin the Royal Navy, the Seacat has a cruciform of moving, swept wings, a fixed tail cruciform (indexed at 45 deg and carryingflares), a bulging, square-section nose and a solid motor (pre- sumably with boost and cruise levels of thrust). Guidance seemsclearly to be effected by radio command, and the missile is launched from an overhead rail in which is located a spigot onthe missile body. Overall length is some 58in, and the wing span about 25in. Sud SE.4200 The vehicle portion of this weapon system is asmall pilotless aeroplane, launched by solid boost motors and with cruise propulsion provided by an integral ramjet, which cancarry an underslung bomb-load weighing between 287 and 551 lb. All portions of the weapon system were displayed, including themotorized ramp launcher, the command vehicles and the radars. The latter, developed at Sud's Applied Physics Laboratory, com-prise the TMt dishes (a transmitter and receiver for continuous control of the trajectory to within ±15m and injection of the"dive" command) and the PDt set for guidance in the vertical plane) accurate to one ten-thousandth of a radian, or ±10m at100 km range. The system can handle several missiles simul- taneously; maximum range of the missile is 56 miles.Sud SE.4400 This surface-to-air missile is still in the experi- mental stage. Powered by an internal ramjet, the test vehicledisplayed had a capacity of 12.4 gal of kerosine, is 23ft 7in long (15ft 2in without the tandem boost motor), weighs 2,640 1b (770unboosted) and flies at M 3.6 at 164,000ft [sic] altitude. The telemetry gear was stated to record 12 continuous parameters andto sample 3,950 points per second. The Outdoor Park For the record, herein were found thefollowing: Armstrong Whitworth/G.E.C/Sperry Seaslug, in an operational-type twin launcher; Bristol/Ferranti Bloodhound;English Electric Thunderbird Mk 1; Vickers-Armstrongs Vigilant (+ simulator); Boeing IM-99A Bomarc; Chrysler Redstone (32ndArtillery Brigade, U.S. Army); Convair Atlas (old 14A, hot from Las Vegas); Douglas Thor-Able; Douglas-built Western ElectricNike Ajax and Hercules; Douglas-built Honest John; three Ray- theon Hawks on their Northrop loader; Martin TM-76 Mace(38th Tactical Missile Wing, U.S.A.F.); a Discoverer-type top end; a Radioplane RP-77B; Matra R.422; Sud 4200; Sud 4400;and batteries of Nord SS.10 and 11 wire-guided anti-tank missiles.
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