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Aviation History
1959
1959 - 1912.PDF
28 August 1959 67 Impact on Steel and Aluminium in Space, R, L. Byork; Multi-directionalg-Protection During Experimental Sled Runs, H. J. von Beckh; Study of Hypersonic Ablation, S. M. Scala; Interplanetary Navigation, I. Suira;Sur le danger Meteorique en Astronnautique, N. Boneff; Apparent Motion of an Earth's Artificial Satellite, ]. J. de Orus; Etude de la Fuseedu Point De Vue Relativite, V. R. Altet. Trajectories in the Earth-Moon System, S. Goldblatt; Impact ofSpaceflight on World Economy, T. P. Bun; Interplanetary Homing, E. V. Stearns; Nova, A Rocket for Manned Lunar Exploration, M. W.Rosen and F. C. Schwenk; Unsteady Comprehensible Magnetic Laminar Boundary Layers in Hypersonic Flow, P. S. Lyyoudis and J. P. Schmitt;Impulsive Midcourse Correction of an Interplanetary Transfer, R. J. Gunkel, D. N. Lascody and D. S. Merrilees; Design Compromises inSpace Power Systems, M. A. Zipkin and E. Schnetzer; Differential Expressions for Low-Eccentricity Geocentric Orbits, S. Herrick, L. G.Walters and C. G. Hilton; New Methods of Satellite Orbit Calculation, H. Knothe; Sterilization of Space Vehicles to Prevent ExtraterrestrialBiological Contamination, R. W. Davies and M. Comuntzis. BOOSTERS AND RELATIVITY Recent contracts awarded by the U.S. National Aeronautics andSpace Administration include initial funding for eight modified Atlas boosters for the three-stage Vega ($7.5m to the Air ForceBallistic Missile Division) and for eleven Thors for the three-stage Delta ($5.87m, also to B.M.D.). Other projects to receive financialsupport from NASA were for a lunar seismograph (Columbia University and California Institute of Technology); a plug-nozzle rocket engine (General Electric Co.); a feasibility study of aclassified "unique design of solid-propellant rocket engine" (Grand Central Rocket Company); engineering studies of instrumenting an orbiting telescope (Smithsonian Institu- . tion); and design and construction of an atomic • clock, using ammonia vapour, which may be used to test Einstein's Theoryof Relativity regarding time variations in space. MIDAS BASE FOR SCOTLAND? According to the American Rocket Societypublication Astronautics, the U.S.A.F. is re- questing funds for construction of the firstMIDAS (Missile Defense Alarm System) interrogation station in the northern part ofthe United Kingdom. Tentatively planned for Scotland, the unit would operate in conjunc-tion with the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) radar planned for the area.The MIDAS station would utilize the high- speed BMEWS communication system totransmit any warning of attack obtained by means of infra-red detection gear carried inMIDAS satellites. 2SO- 2O0- THE NEXT DECADE IN SPACE THE nine rocket vehicles depicted in these Flight copyright drawings are those onwhich the U.S. space effort for the next ten years will largely be based. The Thor- Hustler is currently in use for the Discoverer series of ARPA satellite launches fromVandenberg A.F.B., and the Atlas shown is fitted with the Project Mercury capsule in which the first U.S. manned satellite attempt will be made. Atlas-Able and Atlas-Hustlerare two interim launching vehicles which will precede the new family of NASA space rockets comprising Vega, Centaur, Saturn and Nova. Vega will consist of an Atlas, a modified G.E. first-stage Vanguard, and an optional6,000 lb thrust storable-fuel engine being developed by J.P.L. A modified Atlas will also form the first stage of Centaur, whose second stage consists of two Pratt and Whitney15,000 1b thrust liquid hydrogen and lox engines, with the same third stage as Vega available as required. Saturn will have a cluster of eight Rocketdyne engines providingsome 1.5 million pounds first-stage thrust, with Titan as second stage plus probably the two upper stages of Centaur. The gigantic Nova will employ four 1.5 million 1b single-chamber Rocketdyne engines as a first-stage cluster, with one engine of this type as second stage. Third stage will be comparable to a current ICBM but using liquid hydrogen, andthe fourth and fifth stages will utilize high-energy, storable-propellant engines now under development. The only solid-propellant rocket included below is Scout, a relatively inexpensivegeneral-purpose, four-stage vehicle which should be ready for testing at Wallops Island next year. It will consist of a modified Aerojet Senior, an improved Thiokol Sergeant,a scaled-up third-stage Vanguard and a modified normal-size third-stage Vanguard. lit "Flight" copyright drawings 1SO- (OO- 5O- 40- 30- 2LL Scout Thor-Hustler Atlas (Mercury) Atlas-Able Atlas-Hustler Vega Centaur Saturn
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