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Aviation History
1960
1960 - 1016.PDF
•Or* 74 FLIGHT, 8 July 1960 Left, Saab J35B Draken Below left, Saab J32B Lansen Below, Saab 35C Draken MILITARY AIRCRAFT OF THE WORLD . . . Sweden Saab J35A Draken With distinctive double-delta wing, and poweredby Rolls-Royce Avon 200 series engine and a Swedish afterburner, built under licence by Svenska Flygmotor as the RM6B, the firstproduction Drakens are now reaching Swedish Air Force fighter wings. A small force of Drakens operated with F13 Wing at Norrkoping duringa major air defence exercise in March. With 11,0001b thrust "cold" and 15,0001b with afterburner, theDraken can attain Ml.8 in level flight and has an initial rate of climb of 39,300ft/min. Fixed armament consists of two 30mm revolvercannon in the inner wings which may be replaced by additional internal fuel tanks. Air-to-air armament includes Sidewinder, standardized bythe Swedish Air Force, or packs of unguided rockets. For the ground- attack role six Bofors 13.5cm air-to-ground rockets or bombs may bemounted on under-wing pylons. The nosewheel undercarriage retracts in four seconds, the main legs shortening and folding outwards. Retract-able twin tailwheels are also fitted. Double disc brakes with anti-skid units, a braking parachute and exceptional low-speed characteristicsallow a landing speed of 130 m.p.h. and ground-run of less than 2,000ft. The sweep on the inner wing is no less than 80° and that onthe outer wing 57°. Wing area is 538.2 sq ft. Pairs of control surfaces on the trailing-edge of each wing act as elevons, each surface beingoperated by tandem jacks fed by two separate hydraulic supplies and a ram-air turbine standby. A Lear autopilot is fitted. Span, 30/t 10m; length, 53ft 4m; gross weight, between 17,600/fc and 19,800/b; max speed, Ml.8; initial climb, 39,300/r; stalling speed, 130 m.p.h.; minimum landing run, 1,970ft. Saab J35B Draken Scheduled to supplement the J35A in the SwedishAir Force and also offered for export, the J35B Draken has a rear fuselage enlarged to accommodate a much bigger Svenska Flygmotorafterburner attached to a Rolls-Royce RB.146, itself much more power- ful than the Avon 200 series. Initial rate of climb is 50,000ft/min andM2 has been exceeded in level flight. RSAF versions will have the Saab S7 collision-course fire-control, but export vsrsions are offeredwith Ferranti Airpass 2 attack and interception radar. The new Draken will have two separate communications radios, a modern datalink and two navigation systems, on™ of which is electronic and the other the ABR dead-reckoning set. Flight instruments include vertical, linearscale indicators. Dead-reckoning information will be presented on the radar screen in the ground-mapping mode. The J35B was announced in November 1958 and first flew late lastyear. External and internal armament combinations are the same as those of the J35A and external dimensions are substantially unaltered. Saab 3SC Draken This tandem, two-seat trainer version is based on the J35A, the space taken by the rear cockpit having been provided by A.F.A. P-16 Mk III simplification of certain equipment. The instructor's seat is somewhathigher than that of the pupil to afford good visibility. Performance is substantially the same as that of the J35A and the fighter nose is inter-changeable with the two-seat unit. The first J35C flew on December 30 last year and the type is already in production for the RSAF, the firstexample being due later this year. It will be employed in a centralized operational training school. Saab A32A Lansen Several hundred Lansens were supplied to the12 attack squadrons of the RSAF and production ceased in the middle of 1958, making way for the later, more specialized versions. The A32Ais a swept-wing, tandem two-seat attack aircraft powered by a Rolls- Royce Avon RA.7 made by Svenska Flygmotor as the RM5 and fittedwith a Swedish afterburner. It can attain M0.9 in level flight, is super- sonic in a dive and has a navigation and fire-control radar and fourfixed 20mm cannon. Bombs, rockets and Type 304 air-to-surface missiles may be carried externally. Span, 42ft Sin; length, 49ft 2in; empty weight, 15,400/b; gross weight,about 22,000lb; max speed over 700 m.p.h.; landing speed, 125 m.p.h.; service ceiling, about 50,000/f. Saab J32B Lansen With the Rolls-Royce Avon 200 series built bySvenska Flygmotor as the RM6 and fitted with an enlarged Swedish afterburner, the J32B is a specialized night fighter and can attain Mlin level flight. It is stated to have more powerful armament, including Sidewinders, and new navigation and fire-control equipment. Externaldimensions and appearance are substantially the same as those of the A3 2A but rate of climb and speed are considerably improved. Asubstantial number of J32Bs have been supplied to the RSAF. Saab S32C Lansen Although basically the same as the A3 2A, theS32C has been specially adapted to carry cameras mounted in the nose alongside the nosewheel bay as well as special equipment to permitphotography by night from a wide range of altitudes. Electronic equip- ment for night navigation and radar reconnaissance is fitted. A con-siderable number of this variant have been supplied to the RSAF. Saab 91 Safir More than 300 Safirs of various types have been builtsince 1945 and production continues. Three versions are available, the 91B with 190 h.p. Lycoming engine and three seats, and the 91C and91D four-seaters, respectively with 190 h.p. and 180 h.p. Lycoming engines. The Safir is flying in 17 countries. Data are for the 91D. Span, 34ft 9in; length, 26ft; empty weight, l,620Zb; gross weight,2,6571b; max speed, 165 m.p.h.; cruising speed, 146 m.p.h.; service ceiling, 16,400ft; cruising range, 660 miles. Switzerland A.F.A. P-16 Mk III Original plans for production of this specialized,single-seat attack aircraft for the Swiss Air Force were abandoned about two years ago, but the new company, Aktiengesellschaft FurFlugzeugunternehmungen Altenrhein, took over the design last year and has produced the P-16 Mk III, embodying numerous modifications,which is proposed for production. Designed specially for operation in Switzerland from small fields high up in narrow mountain valleys, theP-16 has special leading- and trailing-edge high-lift devices, is powered by a Bristol Siddeley Sapphire Sa.7 engine and has an internal arma-ment consisting of two HS.825 30mm guns in the nose and a pack of 44 6.5cm air-to-air rockets. Four underwing pylons can accommodate1,0001b bombs, lOOgal fuel or Napalm tanks, rocket packs, camera containers or homing missiles. Internal fuel capacity is 656gal. Tacan,radar-ranging gun-sight, IFF, yaw damper and target camera are fitted. Span, 36/t 7in; length, 46ft 9m; wing sweep, 12" at quarter chord;mm? area, 323 sq ft; empty weight, 15,5OOib; normal gross weight, 20,475Zb; max gross weight, 25,800/b; max military load, 5,720/b; maxsea-level speed, 700 m.p.h.; tnin stalling speed, 112 m.p.h.; initial climb, 12,800ft/min; service ceiling, 46,000/f; max combat radius, 230 miles. Pilatus P-3 Although flight testing was completed some years ago,production of this tandem two-seat trainer powered by 260 h.p. Lycoming engine only began comparatively recently, a batch of 60having been ordered for the Swiss Air Force. The P-3 has a nosewheel undercarriage and can carry a single machine gun, two practice bombsor rockets beneath the wing for weapon training. Span, 34ft lin; length, 28/r 8m; equipped weight, 2,447/b; grossweight, 3,120Zb: max speed, 192 m.p.h.; cruising speed, 170 m.p.h.; stalling speed, 62 m.p.h.; service ceiling, 18,000/f; range, 465 miles.
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