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Aviation History
1961
1961 - 0068.PDF
66 FLIGHT, 13 January 1961 AIR COMMERCE . . - 1960 Safety Record A TOTAL of 1,226 occupants of commercial transport aircraft,scheduled and non-scheduled, lost their lives during the year 1960. The adjacent table, Flight's third annual compilation fromLloyds' List of aircraft casualties, is provisional only, and a full assessment of the 1960 scheduled-service safety record must awaitpublication of official ICAO statistics; but some tentative con- clusions can be drawn. Marked * are those accidents which webelieve, in the absence of more information, to have occurred on scheduled services—though it is possible that some of theaccidents not thus marked were also on scheduled services. At a conservative estimate, at least 830 passengers were killedon scheduled services during the year. This is over 200 more than the losses in 1959 (625) and 1958 (629). The fatality rate per100m passenger miles, 1.2 for ICAO over the past five years, was probably more than 1.2 in 1960. We use the word "probably"because not only is the figure of 830 scheduled fatalities pro- visional, but the ICAO estimate of 1960 passenger miles—69,000m—is also provisional. At an optimistic estimate (i.e., assuming 830 passenger fatalitiesand not less than 69,000m ICAO scheduled passenger miles), the 1960 fatality rate was 1.2, about the 1955-59 ICAO average. At apessimistic estimate (i.e., assuming a possible maximum of 900 scheduled passenger fatalities and less than 69,000m passengermiles) the 1960 ICAO rate could have been as high as 1.3. It is almost certain that the world air transport fatality rate for1960 in fact showed an upward trend. Historians may look back and say: "Ah yes, but wasn't 1960 the year in which the big jetscame into full operation, and hadn't it always been predicted that these aircraft would lower the safety rate?" But a glance throughthe table on this page shows that there was only one accident involving a big jet, the DC-8 that collided with a Constellation onDecember 16. And out of an estimated 27 accidents to scheduled services, ten involved turbine aircraft, of which only three couldreasonably be ascribed to a fault in the aircraft. It is a sobering thought that if ICAO traffic increases in 1961 atthe same rate as last year, and the fatality rate remains at an optimistic 1.2, then nearly 1,000 passengers are going to be killedthis year on scheduled services. WEBBAIR'S X-Y LICENCE T~\IFFICULTIES with which the Minister of Aviation has been-•-"' confronted in specifying air service licences for every type of operation are illustrated by the case of Webbair.This organization arranges closed-group charters to European motor races on an inclusive tour basis, but their operations arenot exactly defined by either the X (closed-group) or Y (inclusive- tour) transitional licences issued by the ATAC. The companyclaim to be the first operator to have applied for a closed-group licence of this nature before the closing date (June 23) and theyare the first to be awarded a transitional licence, effective for a year, to continue this type of operation. While they have yet tobe awarded a Class D licence by the Air Transport Licensing Board, which has yet to start its hearings, Webbair claim that theaward of a licence to them is significant in view of the effect of the Civil Aviation (Licensing) Act in restricting non-scheduledand closed-group flying to airlines with a high standard of main- tenance and proven resources. Webbair flights are conducted bySilver City Airways and by Dan-Air and are open to any member of six months' standing of any British motor club, together withhis immediate family. During 1961 the organization is to operate at least 32 inclusive excursions to European grand prix and sportscar events, and dispensation has been granted in the licence so that Webbair may profit from the operation. It will be recalled Flight,July 29, 1960) that a group charter service licence specifies that for affinity groups "the operator's reward" shall not be less than theaggregate amounts paid by the passengers, thus eliminating middlemen. LORD TERRINGTON TT is with great regret that Flight records the death on January 7-*- of Lord Terrington, chairman of the Air Transport Licensing Board. He was 73. His death comes, unhappily for British air transport, at themoment of the demise of the Air Transport Advisory Council (of which he was chairman since its inception in 1947) and as he wasjust about to take up his duties as chairman of the new Air Trans- port Licensing Board. We recall writing of Lord Terrington, when suggesting namesfor the new ATLB (Flight, February 5, 1960, page 192); "We can think of no better chairman than Lord Terrington, whose diplo-macy, knowledge of the law, and understanding of the essentials of the air transport industry are universally respected." Date Jan 6 Jan 18 Jan 19 Jan 21 Jan 27 Feb 5 Feb 25 Feb 26 Mar 16 Mar 17 Mar 20 Mar 20 Apr 5 Apr 12 Apr 20 Apr 22 Apr 28 May 3 May 15 May 19 Jun 10 Jun 15 Jun 25 Jun 27 Jul 10 Jul 14 JLI 21 Jul 28 Aug 24 Aug28 Sept 7 Sept 18 Sept 26 Sept 28 Sept 29 Oct 4 Oct 14 Oct 28 Oct 30 Nov 5 Nov 7 Nov 23 Dec 12 Dec 7Dec 16 Dec 22 Carrier National* Capital* SAS* Avianca Transportes Aereos deTimor* Lloyd Aero Boliviano*REAL* Alitalia* All Nippon Airways* Northwest* Sociedad Aeronautic Medellin Colombian Aido Canso Lineas Aeress deNicaragua Varig Lloyd Aero Colombiano Sobelair Linea Aero postal Venezo-lana* Navegacao Aerea Brasileira Balair Air Algerie* TAA* PacificNorthern REAL* Lineas Aereas Costari- canses Kalinga Air Lines* United States mission toColombia Deutsche Flugdienst Chicago Helicopter Airways*Don Everall Air France* Aerolineas Argentinas*World Airways Austrian Airlines* Mexicana* Misrair* Eastern Air lines*Itavia* Northwest* Arctic-Pacific Royal Nepal Airlines AREA* PAL* Air Lines of NSW REALTWA ) * United I PAL* Aircraft DC-6B Viscount Caravel le Super Constellation Heron DC-4 DC-3 DC-7C DC-3 Electro C-46 Amphibian PBY-5A C-46 DC-3 C-46 DC-4 DC-3 C-46 DC-4 Caravelle Friendship Constellation Convair 340/440DC-3 DC-3 DC-3 Convair S-58 Viking Super ConstellationDC-6 DC-6B Viicount DC-3 Viscount Electra Heron DC-4 C-46 DC-3 F-27 DC-3 DC-3 Commando Super Constellation DC-8 DC-3 Location Bolivia, N. Carolina Holdcroft, Virginia Ankara Montego Bay Timor Sea Cochabamba Rio de Janeiro Shannon Komaki Airport, NagoyaTell City, Indiana Medellin Eastern Colombia La Luz Mine Airport Location uncertainBogota Mt Bogora, CongoCalabozo Airport Ramey AFB, Puerto Rico Jebel Marra Mt, Sudan Paris Orly Mackay, Queensland Mt Gannett,Alaska Rio de JaneiroBetween San Jose and LosChiles de Grecia Between Bahrein andDoha, Qatar Pichincha Mt, Ecuador Rimini Chicago Crete Dakar Sal to, UruguayGuam Island Moscow Mexico Between Geneva and Rome Boston 1. of Elba Montana Toledo, Ohio Bairihawa Quito Manila Sydney Cachimbo New York Cebu FatalitiesPan. Crew 29 46 35 7 55 19 2 57 25 4 3 28 8 2 1 25 9 48 1 16 1 11 55 25 25 17 61 20 — 28 37 76 26 802 37 30 5 31 5 18 78 5 11 12 37 15 284 5 4 7 2 4 11 1 6 3 2 1 7 2 10 4 5 5 4 — 2 3 8 6 5 6 2 4 4 3 5 7 2 140 Circum- stance Sabotage Mechanico failure? Hit hill on approach Heavy landing Unknown Take-off Mid-air collision with US Navy DC-& Take-off Collision with jet on landingMid-air disintegra- tionForced landing with engine troubleCrash landing Unknown Burst tyre on landingCrashed on approach Flew into mountainSabotage Forced landing with engine troubleBelieved hit moun- tain Mid-aircollision Unknown Crashed into moun- tainFollowing diversionEn route En route En route One-engine landing Structural failure? Take-off Approach Sabotage? Take-off Approach Landing En route Take-off En route Crashed into mountainTake-off Takeoff Crashed into mountainTake-off Crashed in sea Crashed \ Collision \Take-off Total passenger and crew fatalities in 1960: 1,226 'Scheduled tervices.
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