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Aviation History
1961
1961 - 0727.PDF
FLIGHT, 1 June 1961 737 Pass ,ult-Sud-Aviation Spirale III Unveiled at the Salon is a joint", ni re between Dassault and Sud contending for the French Armycom: 'tition for a new light military transport with short-field perfor- man '. It 's derived from the 6/8-seat Dassault Communaute, liaison anii ilot-training aircraft which Dassault planned to develop as theSUPL Communaute with two Bastan V of 1,300 h.p. until this engine was lncelled. The Diplomate was a civil executive version, 20 per centlaw . but Dassault could not get French Government support for too)i «, despite considerable US interest. The executive market was left t0 s'iPA and others. The Government asked Dassault to submit a re- vjseii design of the Super Communaute by June 1961, and this is theSpir::ie III- A full-scale mock-up dominates the Dassault stand and some details have been released. The Turmo III of 1,295 h.p. gives theriah: power (the Bastan IV being too small). The Spirale 111 is as far as pos^ble a direct scaling-up of the Communaute: main differences arethat the wing is high-mounted and the tailplane is further up the fin. RudJer is fully powered, tailplane has variable incidence, and the winghas spoilers and airbrakes. The Spirale prototype, built two years ago, js at ;he show; it has flown 35Ohr and has been completely flight tested atthe Centre d'Essais en Vol to predict the probable performance of the 111. Dassault will, if a prototype is ordered, assemble and flight test, andSud will manufacture the complete airframe. Dassault are responsible for design. With a take-off weight of 21,0001b a payload of 3,3001b can be trans- ported 930 miles. Alternatively, at a take-off weight of 22,0001b, 7 7001b of freight can be flown 560 miles. The aircraft has rear loading and accommodation (facing side seats) for 21. Rough 320yd airfields of over 3,000ft altitude can be used; at 20,2501b weight take-off is 550yd. Cruising speed is about 280 m.p.h. Cabin is 23ft long, 6ft 3in wide and 6ft lin high. de Havilland Heron 2 (G-APEV) This executive-version D.H. demonstrator is at the Salon, as is Dove 8 G-ARDH, a smart red and white demonstrator. de Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou (CF-LAN) The company's red-and-white demonstrator has come to the Salon and is displaying its short-field capabilities. Dornier Do27 Several Do27s have been brought to Paris to illustratevarious types of special equipment which can be fitted. Herr Schaefer, long famous as a spectacular exponent of the Do27, is here once againand has excelled even his own performances of two years ago, including one-wheel take-offs into a steep turn, dead-stick landings and tail-waving slow approaches. An intriguing rival is the Do27 F-WJRD, fitted by SFERMA with an Astazou and now being evaluated byTurbomeca. Rates of climb of well over l,000ft/min are being achieved at over 20,000ft. Douglas-Piaggio D-808 First flight of the prototype of this newexecutive jet, on which Piaggio has begun work, is due in June 1962. The Italian company will test and develop the aircraft and will build upto a certain number, depending on how the market develops, before Douglas build also and it is decided which partner shall concentrate onwhich market. Certification will be by the "second part of 1962." Price has not yet been decided. Fiat G.91R Although represented only by models, some 120 G.91R/1fighters with four 0.5in guns, camera nose and Tacan have been com- pleted for the Italian Air Force. In addition, fifty G.91/R3s have beencompleted by Fiat for Germany, and the first of 150 made under licence by Dornier and Messerschmitt will fly next month.The G.91R/3 differs from the R/l in having two 30mm cannon, not mounted in a gun-pack, and Bendix Doppler with Computing Devicesof Canada Position and Homing Indicator 3B for navigation. The last-named system makes the G.91 virtually independent of ground-based navaids. Fiat completed a series of 40 flights of varying duration over sea and mountains, and the average position-indicating error wasone per cent—often there was no error at all. The Doppler continues to function at bank angles up to 80° and the PHI memory will operate for20sec after loss of Doppler signal before reverting to plain DR. Another series of trials involved use of JATO. Two l,000lb-thrustbottles shortened the take-off distance to 50ft by 30 per cent and 4 x 1,0001b reduced it by almost 50 per cent. Both take-off and landing cannow be achieved, it is claimed, in about 300ft. Latest version of the G.91 is the R/4, which has 0.5in machine gunsbut otherwise differs little from other models. It is intended for Greece and Turkey; and the USA has ordered 25 for each of these countries.American interest has led during recent months to the delivery of two G.91s to the US Army and two to the USAF for individual evaluation.Fiat G.91T (NC 1 and NC 2) The first two of these tandem trainers are at Paris, the second still in its protective finish, but the first paintedsilver. Flight testing continues and diving speeds of MO.96 have so far been attained. A camera nose and fixed armament of two 0.5in gunsare fitted. No Italian production order has yet been placed, but the first two G.91T3 trainers for Germany are nearing completion—oneshould fly in June—and 44 have been ordered. Fiat G.95 A model exhibited on the Fiat stand and already illustratedm Flight (May 18) apparently represents a recent stage in the develop- ment of a supersonic VTOL strike aircraft having two propulsionengines in the flanks of the fuselage and two pairs of lift engines fore and aft of a fuel-tank bay. The efflux of the propulsion engines can also bedeflected downwards by nozzles about half-way along the lengthy jetpipes. Fiat say that many problems remain to be solved, and thatthe types of engine are not yet decided. The company holds certain patents for VTOL powerplant layouts. Fokker F.27 Friendship The first of six Friendships for All NipponAirways is due to fly this week and to be at the Salon for the final days of the show. The Friendship order-book up to May 24,1961, accountedSr.l81 aircraft (Fokker 95, Fairchild 86). Official approval by the Netherlands RLD of weight increases are announced: the RDa.6-Pov,-red version is cleared for a maximum take-off weight of 39,0001b; we RDa.7-powered version is approved at 42,0001b. Nose of the new Morane-Saulnier Paris III Fokker jet-transport project The company is not yet publishing detailsof this design-study, which is believed to be in the jet DC-3 replacement category. General Electric VTOL Illustrated in an accompanying photograph(p. 741), GE have a model on their stand of a V/STOL attack aircraft powered by J85s driving two lift fans mounted in the wings. Thecompany believe such lift fans to be applicable to M2 aircraft, and have conducted extensive studies into such applications (none of which havefans in the thin wings). The original 76in fan has completed much very satisfactory rig-running at Evendale. Gloster Javelin FAW.9 (XH845) From No 23 Sqn at Coltishall, thisFAW.9 is a standard Javelin with afterburners and carrying four Firestreak missiles. Grumman Gulfstream N358AA, Atlantic Aviation's demonstrator,appears in a stylish green-and-white livery. Gyrodyne XRON-1 Two of these little Porsche-powered helicoptersare being shown jointly by Gyrodyne and Porsche. One is a piloted XRON and the other is a piloted version of the drone DSN-1 beingevaluated by the US Navy; the second has no transmission clutch. The engine is a 75 h.p. Porsche, mounted upright, modified with bottomoil-sump, centrifugal fan, glass-plastics cooling shroud, and new aspira- tion system. Torque is avoided by contra-rotating, two-blade teeteringrotors and directional control is by the ingenious method of controlling tiny tilting end-plates at the blade-tips from the rudder pedals; if theend-plates on one rotor are tilted outwards, the drag of that rotor is increased and the torque balance disturbed, causing a turn. This isvery powerful, yet the rudder may be moved from stop to stop without changing engine power; and Jim Ryan, the chief test pilot, takes offwith his feet off the pedals, "walks" the XRON around with his feet, and makes the complete flight without using rudder. The XRON is sodocile that a pilot can begin to hover after ten minutes' familiarization, do all powered manoeuvres after 40min and autorotions after 6hr. Theengine is FAA-certificated for helicopters, but not the airframe. Later, the company intends to train a complete novice to fly the XRON.Cruising speed is 30-60kt, maximum speed 68kt. The DSN-2 has another Porsche simply added in front and the tailand nose attached on the flanks so that the machine flies sideways. The DSN-3 is a projected anti-submarine drone, still secret. Civilinterest has been considerable—for instance, the tuna-fishing industry have paid deposits for 20 XRONs for use as spotters with their fleets.Other helicopters are too expensive and large. Ranchers could also use the XRON. Cost of an XRON, if 500 were made, would be $15,000 to$20,000 (a Brantly costs $22,000). Civil certification is about to begin. This is a fascinating machine, but the expense of the contra-rotatingrotor head must match a real requirement for hovering and true VTOL capability. Handley Page Herald G-AODF will be at the Salon on the finalSaturday and Sunday. This will be the first public demonstration of the lengthened Series 200 aircraft, which is now being sold with ordersbehind it for four operators. Handley Page Victor B.I (XA928) Wearing the new pale-blue letter-ing and pale roundels, this aircraft is from No 10 Sqn at Cottesmore. Hiller 12E-4 The demonstrator shown at Paris is shortly to come toBritain. Hurel-Bertin VTOL A wooden tunnel model on the Turbomecastand reveals the configuration of the HB-11 project, sponsored by the French Government as a research project. Either one 6,6001b-thrustengine or three 2,2001b-thrust engines would be used for propulsion, with bleed to two lift fans in the wings. The transition, at 112 m.p.h.,has been verified in the tunnel. Hurel-Dubois HD.34-08 (F-BICV) The eighth and last of the photo-graphic survey aircraft still serving the Institut Geographique National, F-BICV keeps alive at the Salon the Hurel-Dubois tradition of thehigh-aspect-ratio wing, now revived in the twin-Astazou HD-130 (see below). Hurel-Dubois HD-130 Still a project only, this 1205-seat twin-Astazou design is a purely civil machine that Hurel-Dubois are aiming at operators of "underdeveloped" routes who at present use anythingfrom the Dragon Rapide to the PC-3. It has a military counterpart, the HD-150, one of a number of French-industry twin-Astazou con-tenders for the Army light transport competition. The 150 will not have the high aspect-ratio HD wing, aspect ratio being ten. Kaman H-43B Huskie Making its first visit to Europe, this Huskie(powered by Lycoming T53 free turbine derated to 725 h.p.) is one of the 100 so far made of the 150 ordered for the USAF. Although it can fillnumerous roles, including transport of ten soldiers, its primary USAF task is in crew rescue for SAC. It carries externally a firefighting packwhich, when used in conjunction with the rotor downwash, allows a
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