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Aviation History
1961
1961 - 1522.PDF
626 FLIGHT, 19 October 1961 Super Star-fighter . . . receives electrical analogues of pitot and static pressure, air tem-perature, and angle of attack from remotely located transducers. It transforms this information into the various functions of altitude,airspeed, Mach number, rates of change, and angle of attack re- quired by other computers in the aircraft. Navigation is assisted by a lightweight Litton inertial system,which measures actual ground distance and track, and is in no way dependent upon forecast or computed winds. It has a high degreeof accuracy, and continuously presents to the pilot position by latitude and longitude. Presentation is made through the PHI(Position and Homing Indicator), a miniature automatic navigator which works on the principle of dead-reckoning. Developed byComputing Devices of Canada, the PHI computes by remembering where it started and keeping track of all course changes and speeds.The pilot has a choice of five pushbuttons, each marked with the name of a target or destination. Pushing any button causes thepilot's indicator to show him the heading to fly to reach that destination, and the distance to go in nautical miles. The F-104G's bombing computer, which ties in with the inertialnavigator, air-data computer and NASARR systems, mechanizes the relationship between the bomb trajectory and the aircraft inspace. As a result of this mechanization, bomb release takes place at the proper point in space to impact on the target. There are fourbasic bomb delivery modes: dive-toss, LABS (low-altitude bombing system), over-the-shoulder and level release. Complete provisions are made for installation of a data line-time division set. This equipment provides a means of receiving course direction (automatically computed at the ground environ-ment) towards an enemy aircraft until acquisition is made by air- borne radar. It has many advantages; it provides back-up voiceservice to the primary u.h.f. command set; can be used in either an air-defence or ground-support environment; gives the pilot avisual display of the intercept situation; allows full utilization of the autopilot; provides for a "return to base" operation; eliminateslanguage barriers which normally accompany voice operation; provides for memory of the latest received information; permitsselective addressing; is nearly invulnerable to jamming; and pin- points target information on the NASARR indicator. TACAN is standard in the F-104G. This is a radio air-navigationsystem of the polar co-ordinate type, which provides the aircraft with instantaneous and continuous information on distance (inn.m.) and direction (in degrees of bearing) from a ground station. The European F-104G has a director-type gunsight. This presentsto the pilot an optical indication of the line of sight with the proper lead angle for firing the M61 gun. When caged, the sight is used asan aiming reference for firing Sidewinders in a pursuit attack. When used with an infra-red sight these capabilities may be accom-plished at night, as well as during daylight hours. Additionally, the caged sight reticule may be used as an aiming reference foivisual dive-bombing. Advantages of the director sight (over the disturbed-reticle sightfitted to USAF F-104s) include: smaller sight head, resulting in better pilot visibility through the windshield; improved tracking;lighter weight; no separate computer required in electronics com- partment, thereby permitting installation of other necessary elec-tronic equipment; and easier installation and maintenance. For compatibility with the director-type sight, the new infra-red sightwill offer daytime capability and improved detection range. It will be integrated with the director sight, and utilizes a commonoptical system. Key to Components Symbols in Diagrams Below A, autopilot; AB, airbrake; AD, air ducts; ADS, air-data system; AF, aft fuselage: Al, air intakes: AID, air-intake de-icing; CC, cockpit canopy; DF. dorsal fairing; EH, electronics hatches; ES, ejection seat; FB, fuselage bulkheads; FC, fuel cells; FF, for- ward fuselage; FH, fuel tank hatches; FS, flight simulator; HD, hydraulics door; IN, inertial navigation system; IS, infra-red sight; K, keel pieces; LE, loose equipment; LO, liquid-oxygen system; MF, mid-fuselage; MG, main landing gear; MGD, main- geardoors; N, nose; NG, nose gear; NGD, nose-gear doors; O, optical sight; P, power- plant; R, radome; RC, range computer; RFC, radarfire control; T, tail unit; TN, Tacan navigation system; TT, tip tanks; UT, underwing tanks; W, wings; WS, windscreen. The family tree below is inevitably incomplete, particularly in respect of Japanese production; but it is the best that can at present be achieved. The flow of components from Lockheed and Canadair will be noted, but it is impossible to show the huge quantities of drawings, jigs and such items as special forgings or instruments which are not yet available outside North America. A key to symbols used appears above MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES (REORGANISED) GARRETT (JAPAN) ISHIKAWAJIMA - HARIMA HEAVY INDUSTRIES ( REORGANISED) RCAF ftil GermanyBelgium Netherlands GARRETT MFG.Tor on to ORENDA ENGINESMo/ton CANADIAN AVIATION ELECTRONICSMontreal DOMINION RUBBERKitchener CANADIAN CARFort William COMPUTING DEVICES OF CANADA Montreal CANADAIR Mon treal DOWTY EQUIPMENT A/ax JARRY HYDRAULICS Montreal LITTON SYSTEMS (CANADA) Rexdole CANADA GARRETT CORPORATION Los Angeles SWEDLOW Los Angeles NAA AUTONETICS Downey FIRESTONE Fall River TEMCO Dallas BENDIX Eat on town BEECH AIRCRAFT Wichita RHEEM Downey LITTON SYSTEMS Bever/ey Hills -43 GOODYEAR AIRCRAFTL itch field Park -rcra- AEROPRODUCTSDayton CLEVELAND PNEUMATIC TOOL Cleveland GENERAL ELECTRIC Evendale Mm. LOCKHEED AIRCRAFT CALIFORNIA Burbank
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