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Aviation History
1965
1965 - 2637.PDF
7 Ir.itrnetivnot, 27JAay 1965 851 NOTATION DAMPER AIR fOUIPEMENT BONDED FLOOS PANELS BONDED STRUCTURES ltd. STRUCTURE t CABLE LOOMS HAWKER SIDOELEY BWAMICS. Lid. --72 EXPERIMENT CENTRE ffETUDES NUCliAIRES S.37 EXPERIMENT. UTWCHT UNIVERSITY. The ESRO 2 satellite is now under development by Hawker Siddeley Dynamics for the European Launcher Development Organization. It is to be launched by Scout vehicle from Point Arguello on or around March I, 1967, into a 98.22° retrograde orbit at 218-685 miles with a period of99min (see "ESRO 2 at Stevenage") S.27 EXPERIMENT IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE I TECHNOLOGY. .28 EXPERIMENT IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE 4 TECHNOLOGY, (twiora assembly) advance further the development of systems for soft-landing on the Moon. Of course, the flight of the automatic station Luna 5 has not solved all the problems of soft-landing and new difficulties may appear during further experiments. The groundwork has been laid for the solution of a new and extremely interesting problem, the conquest of the Moon. It is hard to over-estimate the significance of this flight for lunar studies. It gives us an opportunity to conduct a most detailed study of the Moon's surface and physical properties." NASA LEARNS TO CRAWL The first of two crawler/transporter vehicles to be built for NASA is now being tested at the John F. Kennedy Space Center at Merrit Island, near Cape Kennedy. These vehicles will be used to transport Saturn V rockets, complete with their mobile launcher, from the vertical assembly building (see photograph opposite) to the firing pad of Launch Complex 39 some three miles away. Prime contractor for the project is the Marion Power Shovel Company, who designed, built and erected the vehicle's chassis, running gear and electrical systems. The two major subcontractors are American Machine and Foundry and the General Electric Co. AMF is responsible for the crawler's hydraulic levelling and steering systems. The levelling system consists of 16 hydraulic jacks and is designed to compensate automatically for loads up to 12,000,0001b. General Electric provides the electric drive motors, high-voltage switching gear, control consoles and the 2,000kW d-c. generators which supply power to the drive motois. ESRO 2 AT STEVENAGE The ESRO 2 satellite being developed for the European Space Research Organization by Hawker Siddeley Dynamics is to be delivered to Point Arguello, California, by January 1967. Optimum launch date is March 1,1967. Details of HSD work on the ESRO 2 project were given at the company's Stevenage factory on Friday last, May 21. The basic design concept of the satellite has been confirmed by early testing, and detailed design has now begun. Although designated ESRO 2 this satellite will be not the second but the first to be launched by the European Space Research Organization. The project is very much an international affair, with HSD in Britain developing the spacecraft in association with Engins Matra of France under a contract issued by ESRO's European Space Technology Centre (ESTEC) in the Netherlands. The Scout launch vehicle, made by Ling-Temco-Vought, is being supplied to ESRO under an agreement with NASA; there is an additional US link between HSD and TRW Space Technology Laboratories covering the exchange of information between the two companies. Liaison is maintained also with the experimenting groups in three countries. According to Mr C. R. Hume, ESRO 2 project manager in the HSD space projects division, the contract for the satellite will be worth about £lm. This will include the construction of six units— two flight models (one of which will be a spare), a design model, ar> integration model, a primary vibration model and a full thermal model. ESRO's total bill for the satellite, including launch costs, may prove to be about £2£m. The experiments aboard ESRO 2 are sponsored by groups from Imperial College and University College, London; the Universities of Leeds, Leicester and Utrecht, and the Centre des Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay. Their main objectives are to study various types of radiation emitted by the Sun. To satisfy the requirements of the experiments, and to provide a one-year operating lifetime, the orbit of ESRO 2 will range from a perigee of 350km to an apogee of 1,100km. So that the satellite can obtain the best possible view of the Sun tne plane of the orbit will be initially perpendicular to the Earth-Sun line, and the plane will rotate at the same rate as the apparent motion of the Sun, i.e., at about one degree per day. Magnesium alloy is used extensively in the ESRO 2 structure. A central thrust tube carries experiments at its top, bottom and on a
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