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Aviation History
1972
1972 - 0032.PDF
24 lllllllllMlIllf ^ ^™llilllPilli: ^ i m m iSll'll WORLD AERO ENGINES for the TFE731 are for the Falcon, a prime application for the CF700, indicates the impact the turbofan is likely to have on the markets for the established engines in this sector. Third of the US trio of new turbofans, and pitched some what lower in thrust than the TFE731, is the 2,7001b, 12kN Avco Lycoming ALF-301. Based on use of the Lycoming T53 turboshaft/turboprop core engine, the turbofan follows the same geared twin-spool configuration of the AiResearch unit. The benefit of extensive core-engine operating ex perience is even more marked than with the larger ALF-502- more than 16,000 T53s have been built and total flying time exceeds 18 million hours. Lycoming has yet to publicise details of the ALF series development programme. The company has however indicated that typical applications intended for the ALF-301 include air taxi, commuter airline and small business/ general-aviation aircraft. It is obvious therefore that it has the CJ610 and Viper sector of the market in its sights. Lycoming is also known to be in discussion with Dowty- Rotol on the possibility of a joint programme on a variable- pitch fan for one of the US company's new turbofans. Fourth of the turbofan challengers, the Turbomeca- Snecma Larzac, ran in May 1969 at a design rating of 2,3001b, lOkN. Subsequently, in the course of acquiring a military application (the Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet), the engine moved up in thrust to 2,7601b, 13kN as the Larzac 03, at some expense to its already low by-pass ratio of 1-4:1. In its 04 military version, the engine is rated even higher at 2,9801b, 14kN. The Larzac has therefore aligned itself against not only the well proven GE and R-R turbojets but also the new Lycoming turbofan where the French engine's s.f.c. of 0-681b/lb/hr contrasts rather sharply with the ALF-301's figure of 0-451b/lb/hr. To date the civil Larzac 03 has two potential applications, the Dassault Falcon 10 (as an alternative to the TFE731), and the Aerospatiale Corvette, as an alternative to the rather smaller United Aircraft of Canada JT15D turbofan. Flight testing of the Larzac started in March last year and civil certification of the 03 series is planned for autumn If the economy in the West, and in the USA in particular begins to pick up during 1972, there will be an increasing degree of activity in the overall 2,5001b, llkN to 5 0001b FLIGHT International, 6 January 1972 Left, Turbomeca Astafan geared v.p. turbofan, using the Astazou as core engine, under test in Turbomeca's low-speed wind tunnel 23kN market. Competition is likely to become intense over the longer term as AiResearch, Lycoming and the French industries redouble their efforts to secure a share of what has hitherto been the domain solely of the big three engine manufacturers. Market contenders: General Electric CJ610-1, -4 2 8501b 12-7kN; CJ610-5, -6 2,9501b, 13kN; CJ610-8, -9 3,1001b 14kN' General Electric CF700-2C 4,1251b, 19kN; CF700-2D 4,2501b 19kN; CF700-2D-2 4,3151b, 20kN. Rolls-Royce Viper Mk521 3,1201b, 14kN; Viper Mk522 3,3601b, 15kN. Rolls-Royce/Fiat Viper Mk600 3,7501b, 17kN. Pratt & Whitney JT12A-6A 3,0001b, 14kN; JT12A-8 3,3001b 15kN. AiResearch ATF-3 4,0501b, 18kN. AiResearch TFE731-2 3,5001b, 16kN. Lycoming ALF-301 2,7001b, 12kN—3,0001b, 14kN. Ivechenko AI-25 3,3071b, 15kN. Turbomeca-Snecma Larzac 03 2,7601b, 13kN. Up to 2,5001b, 11 kN IN RETROSPECT and in view of the lethargic economy in the West, the leading contender in this sector, the United Aircraft of Canada JT15D turbofan, happened somewhat too early. Aimed at the business jet and commuter markets, the Canadian engine ran in September 1967, flew a year later, and thereafter began to run into a steadily declining market. The engine was certificated as the 2,2001b, lOkN JT15D-1 in May last year, shortly after commencing series production for its first application, the Cessna Citation light business jet. Both are now coming into service at more or less the nadir of the market, despite which Cessna has a sales target of 90 Citations this year and 100 in 1973. Second application of the engine has been in the Aerospatiale Corvette business jet, the prototype of which powered by two JT15D-ls, crashed early last year. Two new pre-series Corvettes are being built, and for these and subsequent production aircraft UACL received an encouraging order for 100 2,3101b, lOkN JT15D-4s in June last year. The first prototype JT15D-4 will be delivered in early 1973, followed by certification towards the end of that year. Production deliveries of the Corvette will start in 1974. Meanwhile the first pre-production aircraft will
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