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Aviation History
1973
1973 - 0146.PDF
92 ACCIDENTS TO PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPERATORS' AIRCRAFT—1972 SCHEDULED PASSENGER FLIGHTS FLIGHT International. 18 January 1973 Date Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec 6 7 17 21 21 5 II 4 12 16 18 S 8 18 21 14 18 24 29 29 29 29 II 16 10 23 2 21 27 30 4 28 8 8 20 20 23 29 Carrier SAE Iberia TAO La Urraca THY TAC Royal Air Lao Mohawk Vasp ATI East African Alitalia Aerotecnica Aeroflot DTA JAL BEA Prinair North Central Air Wisconsin Avianca Avtanca Indian Airlines Burma Airways Ethiopian Airlines Air Vietnam Aeroflot Olympic Air Inter ATI Bulgarian JAL United Airlines PIA North Central Delta Air Lines Braathens SAFE Eastern Air Lines Aircraft HS.748 (XA-SEV) Caravelle (EC-ATV) DC-3 (HK-1078) Viscount (HK-1347) DC-9 (TC-JAC) FH-227 (HK-II39) DC-4 (XW-TDE) FH-227B (N78I8M) YS-II (PP-SMI) F.27(I-ATIP) Super VC10 (5X-UVA) DC-8 (l-DIWB) DC-3 (YV-C-GAI) An-10 F.27 (CR-LLD) DC-8 (JA80I2) Trident (G-ARPI) Heron (N554PR) CV-580 (N90858) Twin Otter (N4043B) DC-3 (HK-I34I) DC-3 (HK-107) F.27 (VT-DME) DC-3 (XY-ACM) DC-3 (ET-ABQ) DC-4 11-18 YS-I 1 (SX-BBQ) Viscount (F-BMCH) F.27 (l-ATIR) 11-14 DC-8 (JA8040) B.737(N903IU) F.27 (AP-AUS) DC-9 (N954N) CV-880 (N8807E) F.28 (LN-SUY) TriStar (N3I0E) Location Chetumal Ibiza Caquetania Bogota Adana Valledupar Laos Albany Rio de Janeiro Frosinone Addis Ababa Palermo Venezuela Kharkov Lobito Palam Staines Mercedita Appleton, Wisconsin Villavicencio Palam Sandoway Gondar Ben Cat Sochi Athens Clermont-Ferrand Poggiorsini Plovdiv Moscow Chicago, Midway Rawalpindi Chicago, O'Hare W of Oslo Everglades Fatalities Crew 5 6 — 5 1 4 6 2 4 3 8 7 2 6 5 10 9 2 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 4 6 1 5 5 4 14 3 S — 2 5 Pass 18 98 1 15 — 15 17 14 21 15 35 108 5 102 17 72 109 3 2 6 14 18 14 24 8 6 94 34 55 22 29 47 40 28 9 38 95 Total Occu Crew 5 6 ? 5 5 4 6 3 4 3 II 7 2 6 5 II 9 2 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 5 6 4 5 5 4 14 6 5 7 3 13 pants Pass 18 98 J 15 — 15 17 45 21 15 96 108 5 102 17 76 109 18 2 6 14 18 14 27 8 8 94 49 63 22 29 62 55 28 > 42 163 Notes Phase ER App L T/O L ER ER L App ER T/O App ER App/E App L C L ER \ ER / c \ c / L T/O > L T/O/E L O ER App T/O App ER T/0 ER/E O Ci iTllmcfan/'ac %*• • ^MiiiaLallCca Suspect fire before impact Hit hills near airport No details No details Crashed downwind Cause unknown Not .located Attempted landing after propeller malfunction Hit mountain Hit high ground Overran runway after take-off abort. Fire Hit mountain Hit high ground Cause not announced Low visibility. Hit sea Crashed 13 miles short of airfield. Fire LE droop mis-selection. Stall Attempted overshoot. Hit fence Collision. Both aircraft VFR. Collision in circuit area Crashed 2.5 miles short of runway on ILS approach Crashed into sea No details Attempting emergency landing Cause not announced Crashed in water short of runway Hit high ground starting diversion Hit high ground Diversion landing in poor visibility Loss of control after lift-off Crashed near outer marker Collision. DC-9 crashed and burnt Hit high ground Crashed during turn in overshoot pattern E in Notes column indicates that the split of passenger and crew fatalities is estimated; the total figure is kn Legend: T/O, take-off; C, initial climb; ER, en route; App, approach; L, landing; O, overshoot i to be correct AIR SAFETY the accident flight was a "special" and accordingly classify it "non-scheduled." The distinction becomes important only when attempting to make comparisons or determine trends; the cause of air safety is not much advanced by omitting 168 passenger fatalities from the statistics when the flight was being conducted in all respects (route, equipment, etc) identically with scheduled flights. It might be argued that the point is not important because the figures merely move from one category to another but I do not agree because non- scheduled operations are not subject to Icao statistical analysis. The standard yardstick for ready reference and quick quotation has become the fatality rate in terms of scheduled passenger flights. At the end of a year in which fatalities on non-scheduled flights jumped from 191 to 659 it seems to me that the standard yardstick is no longer good enough. In its annual statistical survey for 1971 Icao makes the general observation that non-scheduled effort is about one-quarter of that of scheduled. In round terms in 1972 one-third of the fatalities occurred during one-fifth of the flying but closer analysis of this substantial proportion of airline casualities is not possible for lack of basic information. Among tabulated information on individual accidents it is depressing to see how often flights ended in impact with high ground. There are undoubtedly still areas of the world where, despite the presence of high ground and consistently poor weather conditions, scheduled services are flown with out-of-date equipment along routes which are short of investment in the appropriate aids. That acci dents should happen in these circumstances is not to be wondered at but when sophisticated jet aircraft in a well- equipped European environment are destroyed by hitting mountains one begins to look for other fundamental acci dent causes. One such, which has received close attention in the last year, is crew fatigue which is increasingly seen as having accounted for several accidents in the past. There were two cases of aircraft overrunning the runway after the take-off had been aborted and these have caused several airline pilots—our own correspondent "Mainliner" among them—to express doubts about the scheduling of take-off distance under adverse conditions of runway gradient, wind and wet surface. One of these accidents resulted in a high casualty list because the aircraft caught fire. While there has been an improvement in the number of fatalities attributable to fire since most of the world's airlines agreed to outlaw JP4 fuel it is inevitable that a take-off crash creates a high fire risk. continued on page 93 NON-SCHEDULED PASSENGER FLIGHTS Date Jan Feb Mar lulv Aug Sept Oct Dec 21 3 14 19 5 19 14 27 1 13 3 Satena Lao Airlines Sterling Egyptair Aviaco BCAL Interflug Avensa Ansett (Papua) Aeroflot Spantax DC-3 (FAC66I) DC-6B (XW-PEH) Caravelle (OY-STL) DC-9 (YU-AHR) DC-8 (EC-ARA) BAC One-Eleven (G-AWYJ) 11-62 (DM-SEA) DC-3 (YV-C-AKE) Skyvan (VH-PNI) 11-62 CV-990 (EC-BZR) Location San Nicolas Tegal, Indonesia Fujairah S Yemen Las Palmas Corfu Schoenfeld Canaina Papua Moscow Santa Cruz Fatalities Crew 3 1 6 9 10 — 8 3 1 8 7 Pass 36 5 106 21 — 1 148 23 3 168 148 Total Occu Crew 3 3 6 9 10 5 8 3 1 8 7 pants Pass 36 6 106 21 — 79 148 23 3 168 148 Notes Phase- ER ER App App App T/O ER T/O ER L T/O Hit high ground Forced landing short of fuel Wreckage found in high ground 50 miles E of Dubai * Hit high ground Crashed in sea Overran runway on take-off abort Fire in rear fuselage Crashed into canyon Hit mountain Crashed by outer marker. Poor weather Control lost at rotation
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